PMID- 24482190
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150416
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1615-6102 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-183X (Linking)
VI  - 251
IP  - 5
DP  - 2014 Sep
TI  - Cadmium and lead interactive effects on oxidative stress and antioxidative 
      responses in rice seedlings.
PG  - 1047-65
LID - 10.1007/s00709-014-0614-3 [doi]
AB  - Interactive effects of two heavy metal pollutants Cd and Pb in the growth medium 
      were examined on their uptake, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 
      induction of oxidative stress and antioxidative defence responses in Indica rice 
      (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. When rice seedlings in sand culture were exposed to 
      150 muM Cd (NO3)2 or 600 muM Pb (CH3COO)2 individually or in combination for 8-16 
      days, a significant reduction in root/shoot length, fresh weight, relative water 
      content, photosynthetic pigments and increased production of ROS (O2 - and H2O2) 
      was observed. Both Cd and Pb were readily taken up by rice roots and localisation 
      of absorbed metals was greater in roots than in shoots. When present together in 
      the growth medium, uptake of both the metals Cd and Pb declined by 25-40%. 
      Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging of leaf stomata revealed that Pb 
      caused more distortion in the shape of guard cells than Cd. Dithizone staining of 
      roots showed localisation of absorbed Cd on root hairs and epidermal cells. Both 
      Cd and Pb caused increased lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, decline in 
      protein thiol and increase in non-protein thiol. The level of reduced forms of 
      non-enzymic antioxidants glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (AsA) and their redox 
      ratios (GSH/AsA) declined, whereas the activities of antioxidative enzymes 
      superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) increased in metal 
      treated seedlings compared to controls. In-gel activity staining also revealed 
      increased intensities of SOD and GPX isoforms with metal treatments. Catalase 
      (CAT) activity increased during early days (8 days) of metal exposure and 
      declined by 16 days. Results suggest that oxidative stress is an important 
      component in expression of Cd and Pb toxicities in rice, though uptake of both 
      metals gets reduced considerably when present together in the medium.
FAU - Srivastava, Rajneesh Kumar
AU  - Srivastava RK
AD  - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, 
      Varanasi, 221005, India.
FAU - Pandey, Poonam
AU  - Pandey P
FAU - Rajpoot, Ritika
AU  - Rajpoot R
FAU - Rani, Anjana
AU  - Rani A
FAU - Dubey, R S
AU  - Dubey RS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140131
PL  - Austria
TA  - Protoplasma
JT  - Protoplasma
JID - 9806853
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Sulfhydryl Compounds)
RN  - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)
RN  - 11062-77-4 (Superoxides)
RN  - 1406-65-1 (Chlorophyll)
RN  - 2P299V784P (Lead)
RN  - 36-88-4 (Carotenoids)
RN  - 5712ZB110R (chlorophyll b)
RN  - BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide)
RN  - EC 1.11.1.- (guaiacol peroxidase)
RN  - EC 1.11.1.6 (Catalase)
RN  - EC 1.11.1.7 (Peroxidase)
RN  - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase)
RN  - GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
RN  - PQ6CK8PD0R (Ascorbic Acid)
RN  - YF5Q9EJC8Y (Chlorophyll A)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antioxidants
MH  - Ascorbic Acid/metabolism
MH  - Biological Transport
MH  - Cadmium/chemistry/metabolism/*toxicity
MH  - Carotenoids/biosynthesis
MH  - Catalase/metabolism
MH  - Chlorophyll/biosynthesis
MH  - Chlorophyll A
MH  - Glutathione/metabolism
MH  - Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
MH  - Lead/chemistry/metabolism/*toxicity
MH  - Lipid Peroxidation
MH  - Oryza/*growth & development
MH  - Oxidative Stress/*physiology
MH  - Peroxidase/metabolism
MH  - Plant Roots/*growth & development/metabolism
MH  - Protein Carbonylation
MH  - Soil Pollutants/chemistry/metabolism/*toxicity
MH  - Sulfhydryl Compounds/analysis
MH  - Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
MH  - Superoxides/metabolism
EDAT- 2014/02/01 06:00
MHDA- 2015/04/17 06:00
CRDT- 2014/02/01 06:00
PHST- 2013/10/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/01/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/02/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/02/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/04/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00709-014-0614-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Protoplasma. 2014 Sep;251(5):1047-65. doi: 10.1007/s00709-014-0614-3. Epub 2014 
      Jan 31.