PMID- 24485894
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150129
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1879-0712 (Electronic)
IS  - 0014-2999 (Print)
IS  - 0014-2999 (Linking)
VI  - 727
DP  - 2014 Mar 15
TI  - Altered energy production, lowered antioxidant potential, and inflammatory 
      processes mediate CNS damage associated with abuse of the psychostimulants MDMA 
      and methamphetamine.
PG  - 125-9
LID - S0014-2999(14)00053-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.032 [doi]
AB  - Central nervous system (CNS) damage associated with psychostimulant dependence 
      may be an ongoing, degenerative process with adverse effects on neuropsychiatric 
      function. However, the molecular mechanisms regarding how altered energy 
      regulation affects immune response in the context of substance use disorders are 
      not fully understood. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the 
      effects of psychostimulant [particularly 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine 
      (MDMA) and methamphetamine] exposure on brain energy regulation, immune response, 
      and neuropsychiatric function. Importantly, the neuropsychiatric impairments 
      (e.g., cognitive deficits, depression, and anxiety) that persist following 
      abstinence are associated with poorer treatment outcomes - increased relapse 
      rates, lower treatment retention rates, and reduced daily functioning. Qualifying 
      the molecular changes within the CNS according to the exposure and use patterns 
      of specifically abused substances should inform the development of new 
      therapeutic approaches for addiction treatment.
CI  - Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Downey, Luke A
AU  - Downey LA
AD  - Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, 
      Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; Department of Psychology, Swansea University, 
      Swansea, Wales, UK.
FAU - Loftis, Jennifer M
AU  - Loftis JM
AD  - Research & Development Service, Portland VA Medical Center, 3710 SW US Veterans 
      Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97239 USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & 
      Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA; 
      Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 
      Portland VA Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA. Electronic address: 
      loftisj@ohsu.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - DA018165/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 DA018165/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA028537/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - I01 BX002061/BX/BLRD VA/United States
GR  - RC1 DA028537/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20140128
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Eur J Pharmacol
JT  - European journal of pharmacology
JID - 1254354
RN  - 0 (Central Nervous System Stimulants)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 44RAL3456C (Methamphetamine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amphetamine-Related 
      Disorders/*complications/immunology/metabolism/pathology/rehabilitation
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/*drug effects/immunology/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects
MH  - Energy Metabolism/*drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/*metabolism
MH  - Methamphetamine/*adverse effects
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*adverse effects
MH  - Oxidative Stress/*drug effects
MH  - Recurrence
MH  - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/etiology/metabolism
PMC - PMC3970781
MID - NIHMS561335
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (PubChem CID: 315411)
OT  - 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA)
OT  - 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) (PubChem CID: 1615)
OT  - 3,4-Methylenedioxyethamphetamine (MDE) (PubChem CID: 105039)
OT  - Bioenergetics
OT  - Cocaine (PubChem CID: 5760)
OT  - Inflammation
OT  - Methamphetamine
OT  - Methamphetamine (PubChem CID: 10836)
OT  - Neurodegenerative diseases
OT  - Oxidative stress
EDAT- 2014/02/04 06:00
MHDA- 2015/01/30 06:00
PMCR- 2015/03/15
CRDT- 2014/02/04 06:00
PHST- 2013/07/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/12/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/01/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/02/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/02/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/03/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0014-2999(14)00053-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.032 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Pharmacol. 2014 Mar 15;727:125-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.032. Epub 
      2014 Jan 28.