PMID- 24494098
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140204
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2008-4633 (Print)
IS  - 2008-8469 (Electronic)
IS  - 2008-4633 (Linking)
VI  - 2
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2010 Winter-Spring
TI  - Assessing the Effect of Opium Dependence on Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) in Men.
PG  - 30-3
AB  - BACKGROUND: Opium-dependence having different effects on the nervous system is a 
      common problem, especially in the Middle East and Iran. The aim of this study is 
      evaluating the effects of opium-dependence on visual evoked potential (VEP) in 
      men. METHODS: Thirty subjects with both chronic cigarette smoking and 
      opium-dependence (group 1) and 30 subjects with only chronic cigarette smoking 
      (group 2) were included in this cross-sectional case-control study and after 
      urinary tests of opium, the pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (PRVEP) 
      were recorded in the standard condition and variables such as N75, P100, N135 and 
      amplitude were obtained and then analyzed with SPSS16. P value < 0.05 was assumed 
      significant statistically. FINDINGS: The mean of N75 (70.426 +/- 22.028), P100 
      (115.457 +/- 29.176) and N135 (165.402 +/- 66.712) was not significantly different 
      between the two groups. The mean of the amplitude of VEP in group 1 (6.856 +/- 
      3.248) was significantly higher than group 2 (4.933 +/- 2.50) (P < 0.05). 
      CONCLUSION: Our study showed that chronic cigarette smoking and opium dependence 
      have no significant effect on the late components of the VEP (N75, P100 and 
      N135), but chronic cigarette smoking and opium-dependence together significantly 
      increase the amplitude of VEP compared with chronic cigarette smoking alone, 
      probably due to the chronic stimulatory effects of concomitant use of these two 
      substances on the eyes and the visual nervous system.
FAU - Shafa, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Shafa MA
AD  - Associat Professor of Neurology, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman 
      University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
FAU - Hamzeei Moghaddam, Akbar
AU  - Hamzeei Moghaddam A
AD  - Professor of Neurology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
FAU - Sohrabi, Abdol Hamid
AU  - Sohrabi AH
AD  - Resident of Neurology, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of 
      Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
FAU - Karimianpour, Marzyeh
AU  - Karimianpour M
AD  - General Practitioner, Kerman, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Iran
TA  - Addict Health
JT  - Addiction & health
JID - 101582275
PMC - PMC3905507
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cigarette
OT  - Opium
OT  - Visual evoked potential
EDAT- 2010/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 2010/01/01 00:01
PMCR- 2010/01/01
CRDT- 2014/02/05 06:00
PHST- 2010/03/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/05/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/02/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/01/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2010/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - AH-02-030 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Addict Health. 2010 Winter-Spring;2(1-2):30-3.