PMID- 24498992
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141010
LR  - 20210103
IS  - 1399-0039 (Electronic)
IS  - 0001-2815 (Linking)
VI  - 82
IP  - 6
DP  - 2013 Dec
TI  - KIR and KIR ligand polymorphism: a new area for clinical applications?
PG  - 363-73
LID - 10.1111/tan.12262 [doi]
AB  - Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) play an essential role in the 
      regulation of natural killer (NK) activity, allowing NK cells to sense and 
      respond to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I downregulation, an important 
      hallmark for viral infections and tumor transformation. KIR and HLA genes are 
      located on different chromosomes and KIR/HLA class I interaction represents an 
      example of genetic epistasis in which the presence of receptor/ligand pairs is 
      necessary for the induction of functional activity, while the presence of one in 
      the absence of the other is not sufficient to influence NK cell function. Due to 
      the high degree of HLA class I and KIR gene variability, KIR/KIR-ligand (KIR-L) 
      interactions are extraordinarily diverse. KIR polymorphism arises from both 
      haplotypic and allelic variations and was shaped by natural selection. KIR 
      variability affects NK cell education influencing the KIR repertoire, KIR 
      expression, the strength of KIR/KIR-L interactions and the capability to deliver 
      signals. Moreover, it may influence NK cell function during infections, 
      autoimmune diseases, pregnancy and allogeneic transplantation. This review 
      summarizes the genetic and functional features of KIR/KIR-L interactions and 
      gives an overview of their potential relevance in clinical studies.
CI  - (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Falco, M
AU  - Falco M
AD  - Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
FAU - Moretta, L
AU  - Moretta L
FAU - Moretta, A
AU  - Moretta A
FAU - Bottino, C
AU  - Bottino C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Tissue Antigens
JT  - Tissue antigens
JID - 0331072
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class I)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, KIR)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Autoimmune Diseases/genetics/*immunology
MH  - Clinical Trials as Topic
MH  - Female
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infections/genetics/*immunology
MH  - Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology
MH  - Polymorphism, Genetic
MH  - Pregnancy/immunology
MH  - Receptors, KIR/*genetics
MH  - Signal Transduction/genetics
MH  - Transplantation Immunology/immunology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - human leukocyte antigen class I
OT  - killer immunoglobulin-like receptors
OT  - killer immunoglobulin-like receptors ligand
OT  - natural killer cell
OT  - polymorphism
EDAT- 2014/02/07 06:00
MHDA- 2014/10/11 06:00
CRDT- 2014/02/07 06:00
PHST- 2014/02/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/02/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/10/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/tan.12262 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Tissue Antigens. 2013 Dec;82(6):363-73. doi: 10.1111/tan.12262.