PMID- 24501353
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140401
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1529-2401 (Electronic)
IS  - 0270-6474 (Print)
IS  - 0270-6474 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 6
DP  - 2014 Feb 5
TI  - Respiratory viral infection in neonatal piglets causes marked microglia 
      activation in the hippocampus and deficits in spatial learning.
PG  - 2120-9
LID - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2180-13.2014 [doi]
AB  - Environmental insults during sensitive periods can affect hippocampal development 
      and function, but little is known about peripheral infection, especially in 
      humans and other animals whose brain is gyrencephalic and experiences major 
      perinatal growth. Using a piglet model, the present study showed that inoculation 
      on postnatal day 7 with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 
      (PRRSV) caused microglial activation within the hippocampus with 82% and 43% of 
      isolated microglia being MHC II(+) 13 and 20 d after inoculation, respectively. 
      In control piglets, <5% of microglia isolated from the hippocampus were MHC 
      II(+). PRRSV piglets were febrile (p < 0.0001), anorectic (p < 0.0001), and 
      weighed less at the end of the study (p = 0.002) compared with control piglets. 
      Increased inflammatory gene expression (e.g., IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma) was 
      seen across multiple brain regions, including the hippocampus, whereas reductions 
      in CD200, NGF, and MBP were evident. In a test of spatial learning, PRRSV piglets 
      took longer to acquire the task, had a longer latency to choice, and had a higher 
      total distance moved. Overall, these data demonstrate that viral respiratory 
      infection is associated with a marked increase in activated microglia in the 
      hippocampus, neuroinflammation, and impaired performance in a spatial cognitive 
      task. As respiratory infections are common in human neonates and infants, 
      approaches to regulate microglial cell activity are likely to be important.
FAU - Elmore, Monica R P
AU  - Elmore MR
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, and 
      Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 
      Illinois 61801, and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, 
      West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
FAU - Burton, Michael D
AU  - Burton MD
FAU - Conrad, Matthew S
AU  - Conrad MS
FAU - Rytych, Jennifer L
AU  - Rytych JL
FAU - Van Alstine, William G
AU  - Van Alstine WG
FAU - Johnson, Rodney W
AU  - Johnson RW
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HD069899/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HD069899/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Neurosci
JT  - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for 
      Neuroscience
JID - 8102140
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Female
MH  - Hippocampus/*metabolism/virology
MH  - Male
MH  - Maze Learning/*physiology
MH  - Microglia/*metabolism/virology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*metabolism/pathology
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/physiology
MH  - Spatial Behavior/*physiology
MH  - Swine
PMC - PMC3913866
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - brain
OT  - cognition
OT  - inflammation
OT  - sickness behavior
EDAT- 2014/02/07 06:00
MHDA- 2014/04/02 06:00
PMCR- 2014/08/05
CRDT- 2014/02/07 06:00
PHST- 2014/02/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/02/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/04/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 34/6/2120 [pii]
AID - 2180-13 [pii]
AID - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2180-13.2014 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurosci. 2014 Feb 5;34(6):2120-9. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2180-13.2014.