PMID- 24564763
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141118
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1520-5851 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 48
IP  - 7
DP  - 2014 Apr 1
TI  - Calculating the diffusive flux of persistent organic pollutants between sediments 
      and the water column on the Palos Verdes shelf superfund site using polymeric 
      passive samplers.
PG  - 3925-34
LID - 10.1021/es404475c [doi]
AB  - Passive samplers were deployed to the seafloor at a marine Superfund site on the 
      Palos Verdes Shelf, California, USA, and used to determine water concentrations 
      of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the surface sediments and near-bottom 
      water. A model of Fickian diffusion across a thin water boundary layer at the 
      sediment-water interface was used to calculate flux of contaminants due to 
      molecular diffusion. Concentrations at four stations were used to calculate the 
      flux of DDE, DDD, DDMU, and selected PCB congeners from sediments to the water 
      column. Three passive sampling materials were compared: PE strips, POM strips, 
      and SPME fibers. Performance reference compounds (PRCs) were used with PE and POM 
      to correct for incomplete equilibration, and the resulting POP concentrations, 
      determined by each material, agreed within 1 order of magnitude. SPME fibers, 
      without PRC corrections, produced values that were generally much lower (1 to 2 
      orders of magnitude) than those measured using PE and POM, indicating that SPME 
      may not have been fully equilibrated with waters being sampled. In addition, 
      diffusive fluxes measured using PE strips at stations outside of a pilot remedial 
      sand cap area were similar to those measured at a station inside the capped area: 
      240 to 260 ng cm(-2) y(-1) for p,p'-DDE. The largest diffusive fluxes of POPs 
      were calculated at station 8C, the site where the highest sediment concentrations 
      have been measured in the past, 1100 ng cm(-2) y(-1) for p,p'-DDE.
FAU - Fernandez, Loretta A
AU  - Fernandez LA
AD  - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, 
      Rhode Island 02882, United States.
FAU - Lao, Wenjian
AU  - Lao W
FAU - Maruya, Keith A
AU  - Maruya KA
FAU - Burgess, Robert M
AU  - Burgess RM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20140310
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Octanols)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
RN  - 0 (Polymers)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 4M7FS82U08 (Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene)
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - California
MH  - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene/analysis
MH  - Diffusion
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*instrumentation/methods
MH  - Geologic Sediments/*chemistry
MH  - Octanols/chemistry
MH  - Organic Chemicals/*analysis
MH  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
MH  - Polyethylene/chemistry
MH  - Polymers/*chemistry
MH  - Porosity
MH  - Solid Phase Microextraction
MH  - Water
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
EDAT- 2014/02/26 06:00
MHDA- 2014/11/19 06:00
CRDT- 2014/02/26 06:00
PHST- 2014/02/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/02/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/11/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1021/es404475c [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Apr 1;48(7):3925-34. doi: 10.1021/es404475c. Epub 2014 
      Mar 10.