PMID- 24573804
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141022
LR  - 20140227
IS  - 1097-0231 (Electronic)
IS  - 0951-4198 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 7
DP  - 2014 Apr 15
TI  - Analysis of amphetamine-type substances and piperazine analogues using desorption 
      electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry.
PG  - 731-40
LID - 10.1002/rcm.6832 [doi]
AB  - RATIONALE: Although amphetamine-type substances (ATS) have been investigated 
      extensively in recent years, scarce data is available on screening tests for 
      piperazine analogues. The need for a universal technique capable of detecting an 
      extensive range of drug compounds becomes increasingly important with the 
      continued emergence of novel drug analogues. METHODS: Desorption electrospray 
      ionisation mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is a technique that allows examination of 
      compounds in drug materials directly from ambient surfaces. In this study, 
      DESI-MS was utilised in the analysis of ATS including amphetamine (AP), 
      methylamphetamine (MA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA), 
      N,N-dimethylamphetamine (DMA), 4-methoxyamphetamine (PMA) and 
      4-methoxymethylamphetamine (PMMA), and piperazine analogues including 
      1-benzylpiperazine (BZP), 1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazine (TFMPP), 
      1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine (mCPP) and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (MeOPP). 
      Semi-porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE or Teflon) sheets welled with a 3 mm 
      hole punch were used to contain the 2 muL liquid sample (spot size 7 mm(2) ). 
      RESULTS: The limits of detection (LODs) of these compounds using DESI-MS were 
      determined to be in the range 0.02-2.80 microg/mm(2) . The intra-day and inter-day 
      precision of the technique were <25% and <33%, respectively. DESI-MS was 
      successful in determining the compound of interest and reaction by-products and 
      impurities in the samples tested (such as 1,4-dibenzylpiperazine in BZP samples) 
      with the exception of those present in trace amounts. The effects of common 
      adulterants on the detectability of MA were evaluated. The addition of magnesium 
      stearate to MA significantly enhanced the signal response. CONCLUSIONS: This work 
      has demonstrated the applicability of DESI-MS in the screening and profiling of 
      MDMA, PMMA, BZP, TFMPP, mCPP, MeOPP as well as other complex mixtures.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAU - Stojanovska, Natasha
AU  - Stojanovska N
AD  - Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), PO Box 123, 
      Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
FAU - Kelly, Tamsin
AU  - Kelly T
FAU - Tahtouh, Mark
AU  - Tahtouh M
FAU - Beavis, Alison
AU  - Beavis A
FAU - Fu, Shanlin
AU  - Fu S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom
JT  - Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM
JID - 8802365
RN  - 0 (Amphetamines)
RN  - 0 (Piperazines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amphetamines/*analysis/chemistry
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Piperazines/*analysis/chemistry
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods
EDAT- 2014/02/28 06:00
MHDA- 2014/10/23 06:00
CRDT- 2014/02/28 06:00
PHST- 2013/11/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/01/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/01/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/02/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/02/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/10/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/rcm.6832 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2014 Apr 15;28(7):731-40. doi: 10.1002/rcm.6832.