PMID- 24576106
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160819
LR  - 20231110
IS  - 1751-7893 (Electronic)
IS  - 1751-7885 (Print)
IS  - 1751-7885 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 6
DP  - 2015 Dec
TI  - Perceptions of family criticism and warmth and their link to symptom expression 
      in racially/ethnically diverse adolescents and young adults at clinical high risk 
      for psychosis.
PG  - 476-86
LID - 10.1111/eip.12131 [doi]
AB  - AIM: Little is known about the role of expressed emotion (EE) in early symptom 
      expression in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. In patients 
      with established schizophrenia, the effects of EE on clinical outcomes have 
      purportedly varied across racial/ethnic groups, but this has not yet been 
      investigated among CHR patients. Furthermore, studies have traditionally focused 
      upon caregiver levels of EE via interview-based ratings, whereas the literature 
      on patient perceptions of caregiver EE on psychosis symptoms is relatively 
      limited. METHODS: Linear regression models were conducted to examine the impact 
      of criticism and perceived warmth in the family environment, from the CHR 
      patient's perspective, on positive and negative symptom expression in non-Latino 
      white (NLW; n = 38) and Latino (n = 11) adolescents and young adults at CHR for 
      developing psychosis. RESULTS: Analyses examining the sample as a whole 
      demonstrated that perceived levels of maternal criticism were negatively 
      associated with negative CHR symptomatology. Additional analyses indicated that 
      race/ethnicity moderated the relationship between criticism/warmth and clinical 
      symptomatology. We found evidence of a contrasting role of patient perceived 
      criticism and warmth depending upon the patient's race/ethnicity. CONCLUSION: 
      Family processes shown to impact the course of schizophrenia among NLWs may 
      function differently among Latino than NLW patients. These findings have 
      important implications for the development of culturally appropriate 
      interventions and may aid efforts to improve the effectiveness of mental health 
      services for diverse adolescents and young adults at CHR for psychosis. Given the 
      small sample size of this study, analyses should be replicated in a larger study 
      before more definitive conclusions can be made.
CI  - (c) 2014 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.
FAU - Tsai, Katherine H
AU  - Tsai KH
AD  - Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State 
      University/University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
FAU - Lopez, Steve
AU  - Lopez S
AD  - Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Marvin, Sarah
AU  - Marvin S
AD  - Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Los Angeles, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Zinberg, Jamie
AU  - Zinberg J
AD  - Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Los Angeles, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Cannon, Tyrone D
AU  - Cannon TD
AD  - Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Los Angeles, 
      California, USA.
FAU - O'Brien, Mary
AU  - O'Brien M
AD  - Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Los Angeles, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Bearden, Carrie E
AU  - Bearden CE
AD  - Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Los Angeles, 
      California, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - MH65079/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH065079/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH066286/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P41 RR013642/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50MH066286/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH081902/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140227
PL  - Australia
TA  - Early Interv Psychiatry
JT  - Early intervention in psychiatry
JID - 101320027
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Disease Susceptibility
MH  - *Expressed Emotion
MH  - Family/*psychology
MH  - Female
MH  - Hispanic or Latino/*psychology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis/*psychology
MH  - Schizophrenic Psychology
MH  - White People/*psychology
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4146748
MID - NIHMS597944
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cultural diversity
OT  - early psychosis
OT  - family caregiver
OT  - prodrome
EDAT- 2014/03/01 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/20 06:00
PMCR- 2015/12/01
CRDT- 2014/03/01 06:00
PHST- 2013/07/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/12/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/03/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1111/eip.12131 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Early Interv Psychiatry. 2015 Dec;9(6):476-86. doi: 10.1111/eip.12131. Epub 2014 
      Feb 27.