PMID- 24587071
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150122
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 2
DP  - 2014
TI  - Consumption of lean fish reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 
      prospective population based cohort study of Norwegian women.
PG  - e89845
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0089845 [doi]
LID - e89845
AB  - BACKGROUND: The effects of fish consumption and n-3 fatty acids on type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have recently been debated. OBJECTIVE: We explored the 
      risk of T2DM in relation to consumption of lean fish, fatty fish, fish products 
      and total fish as well as cod liver oil supplements in a representative sample of 
      Norwegian women. DESIGN: This was a prospective population based cohort study in 
      33740 women free of T2DM, stroke, angina or heart attack and with detailed 
      information on important co-variates and dietary intake at baseline. Risk ratios 
      and corresponding 95% CI were estimated using Poisson regression with log-person 
      time as offset. RESULTS: Lean fish consumption was inversely associated with T2DM 
      compared to zero intake. Risk ratios and 95% CI for intake of 75 and 100 g lean 
      fish per day were 0.71 (0.51, 0.98) and 0.67 (0.46, 0.98), respectively. There 
      was no effect of intake of fatty fish, fish products, total fish or use of cod 
      liver oil supplements on the risk of T2DM. CONCLUSION: Lean fish consumption of 
      75-100 g/d had a beneficial effect on T2DM. It remains unclear whether lean fish 
      in itself has a protective effect on T2DM or that lean fish consumers have a 
      protective life-style that we were not able to take into account in this study. 
      Unfavorable effects of fatty fish consumption or use of cod liver oil supplements 
      on T2DM were not observed.
FAU - Rylander, Charlotta
AU  - Rylander C
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, 
      Norway.
FAU - Sandanger, Torkjel M
AU  - Sandanger TM
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, 
      Norway ; NILU, Fram- High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, 
      Tromso, Norway.
FAU - Engeset, Dagrun
AU  - Engeset D
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, 
      Norway.
FAU - Lund, Eiliv
AU  - Lund E
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, 
      Norway.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140224
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3)
RN  - 8001-69-2 (Cod Liver Oil)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cod Liver Oil/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology/*prevention & control
MH  - Dietary Supplements/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Feeding Behavior/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - *Fish Products
MH  - *Fishes
MH  - Humans
MH  - Norway/epidemiology
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
PMC - PMC3933657
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2014/03/04 06:00
MHDA- 2015/01/23 06:00
PMCR- 2014/02/24
CRDT- 2014/03/04 06:00
PHST- 2013/08/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/01/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/03/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-13-32963 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0089845 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2014 Feb 24;9(2):e89845. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089845. eCollection 
      2014.