PMID- 24604323 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150416 LR - 20191210 IS - 1618-2650 (Electronic) IS - 1618-2642 (Linking) VI - 406 IP - 9-10 DP - 2014 Apr TI - A high-throughput method based on microwave-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for simultaneous analysis of amphetamines, ketamine, opiates, and their metabolites in hair. PG - 2445-55 LID - 10.1007/s00216-014-7669-z [doi] AB - A total sample-preparation and analysis time of 50 min is required for the high-throughput method of hair analysis proposed in this paper. The method is applicable to analysis of drugs commonly used in Asia, and their metabolites--methamphetamine (MA), amphetamine (AMP), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), ketamine (K), norketamine (NK), dehydronorketamine (DHNK), 6-acetylmorphine (6-AM), morphine (MOR), and codeine (COD). Cut and weighed hair (10 mg) was incubated for 3 min with methanol-trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) during microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) at 700 W. The incubation solution was evaporated, the residue was reconstituted in deionized water-methanol, 99:1 (v/v), and 20 muL was injected on to a core-shell column (50 x 4.6 mm, 2.6 mum particle size) for liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS-MS) analysis. Gradient elution separation was performed in 8 min at a flow rate of 1 mL min(-1). No signal interfering with any of the analytes was found in fourteen blank hair samples from different sources. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.5 pg mg(-1) and 2.0 pg mg(-1), respectively, for MA, AMP, MDMA, MDA, K, NK, and DHNK, and 2.0 pg mg(-1) and 5.0 pg mg(-1), respectively, for 6-AM, MOR and COD. The linear range was between the LOQ and 1000 pg mg(-1), and the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.999. Investigation of matrix effects revealed that all the analytes were suppressed by less than 20% and the standard deviation (SD) was always less than 7%. Recovery was always greater than 90% and the SD for each compound was less than 6%. Precision and accuracy for each analyte were within 15%. Eight authentic hair specimens from known drug abusers were successfully analyzed. Compared with traditional overnight incubation methods, the rapid 3-min extraction time achieved similar or greater extraction yields. Sample preparation by MAE was a reliable procedure for extraction of the analytes from hair but substantially simpler and faster than other methods. FAU - Chang, Yuan-Jhe AU - Chang YJ AD - Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan. FAU - Chao, Mu-Rong AU - Chao MR FAU - Chen, Su-Chin AU - Chen SC FAU - Chen, Chih-Hong AU - Chen CH FAU - Chang, Yan-Zin AU - Chang YZ LA - eng PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20140307 PL - Germany TA - Anal Bioanal Chem JT - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry JID - 101134327 RN - 0 (Amphetamines) RN - 0 (Analgesics, Opioid) RN - 0 (Illicit Drugs) RN - 690G0D6V8H (Ketamine) SB - IM MH - Amphetamines/*analysis/isolation & purification/metabolism MH - Analgesics, Opioid/*analysis/isolation & purification/metabolism MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/*methods MH - Hair/*chemistry MH - High-Throughput Screening Assays/*methods MH - Humans MH - Illicit Drugs/*analysis/isolation & purification/metabolism MH - Ketamine/*analysis/isolation & purification/metabolism MH - Microwaves MH - Substance Abuse Detection/methods MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry/*methods EDAT- 2014/03/08 06:00 MHDA- 2015/04/17 06:00 CRDT- 2014/03/08 06:00 PHST- 2013/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2013/12/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2013/12/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2014/03/08 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/03/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/04/17 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1007/s00216-014-7669-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Anal Bioanal Chem. 2014 Apr;406(9-10):2445-55. doi: 10.1007/s00216-014-7669-z. Epub 2014 Mar 7.