PMID- 24634857
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140317
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2222-3959 (Print)
IS  - 2227-4898 (Electronic)
IS  - 2222-3959 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 1
DP  - 2014
TI  - Cytotoxic effects of betaxolol on healthy corneal endothelial cells both in vitro 
      and in vivo.
PG  - 14-21
LID - 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.01.03 [doi]
AB  - AIM: To demonstrate the cytotoxic effect of betaxolol and its underlying 
      mechanism on human corneal endothelial cells (HCE cells) in vitro and cat corneal 
      endothelial cells (CCE cells) in vivo, providing experimental basis for safety 
      anti-glaucoma drug usage in clinic of ophthalmology. METHODS: In vivo and in 
      vitro experiments were conducted to explore whether and how betaxolol 
      participates in corneal endothelial cell injury. The in vitro morphology, growth 
      status, plasma membrane permeability, DNA fragmentation, and ultrastructure of 
      HCE cells treated with 0.021875-0.28g/L betaxolol were examined by light 
      microscope, 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) 
      assay, acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB) double-fluorescent staining, 
      DNA agarose gel electrophoresis, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The 
      in vivo density, morphology, and ultrastructure of CCE cells, corneal thickness, 
      and eye pressure of cat eyes treated with 0.28g/L betaxolol were investigated by 
      specular microscopy, applanation tonometer, alizarin red staining, scanning 
      electron microscope (SEM), and TEM. RESULTS: Exposure to betaxolol at doses from 
      0.0875g/L to 2.8g/L induced morphological and ultrastructural changes of in vitro 
      cultured HCE cells such as cytoplasmic vacuolation, cellular shrinkage, 
      structural disorganization, chromatin condensation, and apoptotic body 
      appearance. Simultaneously, betaxolol elevated plasma membrane permeability and 
      induced DNA fragmentation of these cells in a dose-dependent manner in AO/EB 
      staining. Furthermore, betaxolol at a dose of 2.8g/L also induced decrease of 
      density of CCE cells in vivo, and non-hexagonal and shrunk apoptotic cells were 
      also found in betaxolol-treated cat corneal endothelia. CONCLUSION: Betaxolol has 
      significant cytotoxicity on HCE cells in vitro by inducing apoptosis of these 
      cells, and induced apoptosis of CCE cells in vivo as well. The findings help 
      provide new insight into the apoptosis-inducing effect of anti-glaucoma drugs in 
      eye clinic.
FAU - Miao, Ying
AU  - Miao Y
AD  - Key Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
FAU - Sun, Qian
AU  - Sun Q
AD  - Key Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
FAU - Wen, Qian
AU  - Wen Q
AD  - Key Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
FAU - Qiu, Yue
AU  - Qiu Y
AD  - Key Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
FAU - Ge, Yuan
AU  - Ge Y
AD  - Key Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
FAU - Yu, Miao-Miao
AU  - Yu MM
AD  - Key Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
FAU - Fan, Ting-Jun
AU  - Fan TJ
AD  - Key Laboratory for Corneal Tissue Engineering, College of Marine Life Sciences, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140218
PL  - China
TA  - Int J Ophthalmol
JT  - International journal of ophthalmology
JID - 101553860
PMC - PMC3949452
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - apoptosis
OT  - betaxolol
OT  - cat corneal endothelial cells
OT  - cytotoxicity
OT  - human corneal endothelial cells
EDAT- 2014/03/19 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/19 06:01
PMCR- 2014/02/18
CRDT- 2014/03/18 06:00
PHST- 2013/10/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/12/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/03/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2014/02/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijo-07-01-014 [pii]
AID - 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.01.03 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Ophthalmol. 2014 Feb 18;7(1):14-21. doi: 
      10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.01.03. eCollection 2014.