PMID- 24660030
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231113
IS  - 1792-0981 (Print)
IS  - 1792-1015 (Electronic)
IS  - 1792-0981 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 4
DP  - 2014 Apr
TI  - Protective effect of senegenin on splenectomy-induced postoperative cognitive 
      dysfunction in elderly rats.
PG  - 821-826
AB  - Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is common in elderly patients. 
      Senegenin, an active component of extracts from Polygala tenuifolia root, a 
      traditional Chinese medicine, has neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects. 
      However, the mechanism underlying the effects of senegenin against postoperative 
      cognitive impairment in elderly individuals has yet to be elucidated. The aim of 
      this study was to investigate the protective effects of senegenin on the 
      cognitive functions of elderly rats with splenectomy-induced POCD. Results from a 
      Morris water maze test suggested that splenectomy induced a transient cognitive 
      deficiency in the elderly rats; however, when the rats were treated with 
      senegenin, the cognitive impairment was notably attenuated. Further experiments 
      showed that senegenin significantly inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of 
      several key pro-inflammatory cytokines, specifically, tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
      (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6 and IL-8, in the hippocampal tissues of 
      elderly rats following splenectomy. In order to investigate the molecular 
      mechanism involved, the expression and activity of the Toll-like receptor 4 
      (TLR4) signaling pathway was assessed. On day 1 postoperatively, it was observed 
      that senegenin markedly suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4, 
      myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and TIR domain-containing 
      adaptor-inducing interferon-beta (TRIF). Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of 
      nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) p65 and inhibitor of NF-kappaB (IkappaBalpha) were also decreased 
      following senegenin treatment on the first day subsequent to surgery. These 
      results suggest that senegenin suppressed splenectomy-induced transient cognitive 
      impairment in elderly rats, possibly by downregulating two signaling pathways 
      involved in inflammation, TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB and TLR4/TRIF/NF-kappaB, to further 
      inhibit the expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, specifically, TNF-alpha, 
      IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-8, and ultimately the neuroinflammation in the hippocampal 
      tissues. In conclusion, the present study revealed that senegenin exhibited 
      neuroprotective effects against splenectomy-induced transient cognitive 
      impairment in elderly rats, which indicated that senegenin may be a promising 
      agent for the treatment of POCD.
FAU - Yu, Luyuan
AU  - Yu L
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology, Haidian Hospital, Haidian, Beijing 100080, P.R. 
      China.
FAU - Sun, Lei
AU  - Sun L
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology, Coal General Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing 100028, 
      P.R. China.
FAU - Chen, Suli
AU  - Chen S
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Aerospace General Hospital, Fengtai, 
      Beijing 100076, P.R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Retracted Publication
DEP - 20140124
PL  - Greece
TA  - Exp Ther Med
JT  - Experimental and therapeutic medicine
JID - 101531947
RIN - Exp Ther Med. 2023 Oct 23;26(6):567. PMID: 37954120
PMC - PMC3961123
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - elderly
OT  - postoperative cognitive dysfunction
OT  - pro-inflammatory cytokines
OT  - senegenin
OT  - signaling pathways
EDAT- 2014/03/25 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/25 06:01
PMCR- 2014/01/24
CRDT- 2014/03/25 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/10/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/03/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/25 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2014/01/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - etm-07-04-0821 [pii]
AID - 10.3892/etm.2014.1501 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Ther Med. 2014 Apr;7(4):821-826. doi: 10.3892/etm.2014.1501. Epub 2014 Jan 
      24.