PMID- 24664829
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141118
LR  - 20140325
IS  - 1940-6029 (Electronic)
IS  - 1064-3745 (Linking)
VI  - 1147
DP  - 2014
TI  - Imaging bacteria and biofilms on hardware and periprosthetic tissue in orthopedic 
      infections.
PG  - 105-26
LID - 10.1007/978-1-4939-0467-9_8 [doi]
AB  - Infection is a major complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) surgery, and 
      even though it is now as low as 1 % in some hospitals, the increasing number of 
      primary surgeries translates to tens of thousands of revisions due to prosthetic 
      joint infection (PJI). In many cases the only solution is revision surgery in 
      which the hardware is removed. This process is extremely long and painful for 
      patients and is a considerable financial burden for the health-care system. A 
      significant proportion of the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of PJI are 
      associated with biofilm formation where bacteria attach to the surface of the 
      prosthesis and periprosthetic tissue and build a 3-D biofilm community encased in 
      an extracellular polymeric slime (EPS) matrix. Bacteria in biofilms have a low 
      metabolic rate which is thought to be a major contributor to their recalcitrance 
      to antibiotic treatment. The diagnosis of biofilm infections is difficult due to 
      the fact that bacteria in biofilms are not readily cultured with standard 
      clinical microbiology techniques. To identify and visualize in situ biofilm 
      bacteria in orthopedic samples, we have developed protocols for the collection of 
      samples in the operating room, for molecular fluorescent staining with 16S rRNA 
      fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and for imaging of samples using 
      confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Direct imaging is the only method 
      which can definitively identify biofilms on implants and complements both culture 
      and culture-independent diagnostic methods.
FAU - Nistico, Laura
AU  - Nistico L
AD  - Center for Genomic Sciences, Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, 
      USA.
FAU - Hall-Stoodley, Luanne
AU  - Hall-Stoodley L
FAU - Stoodley, Paul
AU  - Stoodley P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Methods Mol Biol
JT  - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
JID - 9214969
SB  - IM
MH  - *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
MH  - *Bacteriological Techniques
MH  - *Biofilms
MH  - Cross Infection/*microbiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Orthopedic Equipment/*microbiology
MH  - *Orthopedics
EDAT- 2014/03/26 06:00
MHDA- 2014/11/19 06:00
CRDT- 2014/03/26 06:00
PHST- 2014/03/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/11/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/978-1-4939-0467-9_8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1147:105-26. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0467-9_8.