PMID- 24668424
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150330
LR  - 20220309
IS  - 1096-9861 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9967 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9967 (Linking)
VI  - 522
IP  - 14
DP  - 2014 Oct 1
TI  - Variations in microanatomy of the human cochlea.
PG  - 3245-61
LID - 10.1002/cne.23594 [doi]
AB  - The human cochlea shows considerable interindividual variability in size and 
      morphology. In order to develop atraumatic cochlear implant (CI) electrodes, 
      high-precision details of the variability of human anatomy are required. Sixteen 
      human temporal bones were cut around the cochlea in blocks of approximately 3.5 x 
      3.5 cm. The bones were scanned by using a Skyscan 1173 micro-computed tomography 
      (muCT) device. Mimics software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) was used to segment 
      out the scala tympani (ST) from the muCT images. A three-dimensional surface model 
      of the segmented area was generated for each cochlea. Cross-sectional images were 
      taken and analyzed by custom-designed software in MATLAB. Comparison of different 
      STs showed large variability in cross-sectional diameter (CSD), vertical 
      trajectory, and height of the ST. Relative standard deviations of the CSD were 
      between 9 and 15%. Heights measured at the center of the ST exceeded those in the 
      modiolar and lateral regions of the scala. At the lateral region, the height 
      decreased significantly at the beginning of the second turn. In the vertical 
      trajectory, critical anatomic features were observed, such as dips, vertical 
      jumps, and peaks. Rosenthal's canal (RC) extended to between 560 and 650 degrees . We 
      found a correlation between the length of the RC and that of the ST. The ST was 
      segmented and the internal dimensions measured by using muCT. We observed large 
      dimensional variability between different STs. These differences could have 
      considerable implications for approaches to the design of CI arrays, especially 
      in terms of their ability to preserve residual hearing during insertion of the 
      electrode array.
CI  - (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Avci, Ersin
AU  - Avci E
AD  - Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and 
      Department of Experimental Otology, Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinics, Hannover 
      Medical University, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
FAU - Nauwelaers, Tim
AU  - Nauwelaers T
FAU - Lenarz, Thomas
AU  - Lenarz T
FAU - Hamacher, Volkmar
AU  - Hamacher V
FAU - Kral, Andrej
AU  - Kral A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140412
PL  - United States
TA  - J Comp Neurol
JT  - The Journal of comparative neurology
JID - 0406041
SB  - IM
MH  - Cochlea/*anatomy & histology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Scala Tympani/anatomy & histology
MH  - Temporal Bone/*anatomy & histology
MH  - X-Ray Microtomography
PMC - PMC4265794
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cochlear implant
OT  - hearing preservation
OT  - individualized therapy
OT  - scala tympani
OT  - muCT
EDAT- 2014/03/29 06:00
MHDA- 2015/03/31 06:00
CRDT- 2014/03/27 06:00
PHST- 2014/01/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/03/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/03/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/03/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/03/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/cne.23594 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Comp Neurol. 2014 Oct 1;522(14):3245-61. doi: 10.1002/cne.23594. Epub 2014 Apr 
      12.