PMID- 24680980
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141219
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 491-492
DP  - 2014 Sep 1
TI  - Atmospheric concentrations of persistent organic pollutants over the Pacific 
      Ocean near southern Taiwan and the northern Philippines.
PG  - 51-9
LID - S0048-9697(14)00347-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.017 [doi]
AB  - This study investigates the atmospheric occurrence of persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) over the Pacific Ocean near southern Taiwan and the northern 
      Philippines. We determined sixty-six compounds, including polychlorinated 
      dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated 
      biphenyls (DLPCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), as well as 
      polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and 
      dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), in air samples 
      simultaneously collected from the offshore oceanic atmosphere (n=6) and over a 
      rural area (n=2). We calculated the atmospheric World Health Organization 2005 
      toxic equivalency levels (WHO2005-TEQ), for the total dioxin-like POPs, including 
      PCDD/Fs, DLPCBs, and PBDD/Fs, being 0.00612 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m(3) and 0.0138 pg 
      WHO2005-TEQ/m(3) over the ocean and land, respectively. We found unexpected lower 
      averaged atmospheric PBDE concentrations in the rural area (15.9 pg/m(3)) than 
      over the ocean (31.1 pg/m(3)) due to higher levels of the BDE209 congener, 
      although the difference was not statistically significant. We have compared and 
      reported our field results with previously published datasets over the global 
      oceans, which suggest PCBs and PBDEs are the dominant chemical contaminants in 
      the global oceanic atmosphere among these halogenated POPs (e.g. PCBs and 
      Sigmadi-hepta PBDEs could be found in the range of 0.09-48.7 and 8.07-94.0 pg/m(3), 
      respectively, including our dataset). However, there are still very few 
      investigations on the global atmospheric levels of PBDD/Fs, PCDEs and PBBs and 
      our data sums to these earlier studies. Finally, we point out that the 
      halogenated POPs originated from Taiwan or the continental East Asia which could 
      easily reach remote ocean sites via atmospheric transport.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chao, How-Ran
AU  - Chao HR
AD  - Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and 
      Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, 
      Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
FAU - Lin, Ding-Yan
AU  - Lin DY
AD  - Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and 
      Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, 
      Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
FAU - Chen, Kuang-Yu
AU  - Chen KY
AD  - Taiwan Ocean Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, 
      Kaohsiung City 852, Taiwan. Electronic address: littlefish3@short.idv.tw.
FAU - Gou, Yan-Yu
AU  - Gou YY
AD  - Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and 
      Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, 
      Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
FAU - Chiou, Tsyr-Huei
AU  - Chiou TH
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, 
      Taiwan.
FAU - Lee, Wen-Jhy
AU  - Lee WJ
AD  - Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 
      City 701, Taiwan.
FAU - Chen, Shui-Jen
AU  - Chen SJ
AD  - Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and 
      Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, 
      Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
FAU - Wang, Lin-Chi
AU  - Wang LC
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 
      City 833, Taiwan. Electronic address: lcwang@csu.edu.tw.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140328
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Polybrominated Biphenyls)
RN  - 0 (Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Atmosphere/*chemistry
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis
MH  - Pacific Ocean
MH  - Philippines
MH  - Polybrominated Biphenyls
MH  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
MH  - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins/analysis
MH  - Taiwan
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Atmosphere
OT  - Dioxins
OT  - Ocean
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
OT  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
OT  - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
EDAT- 2014/04/01 06:00
MHDA- 2014/12/20 06:00
CRDT- 2014/04/01 06:00
PHST- 2013/11/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/03/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/03/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/04/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/04/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/12/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(14)00347-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.017 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2014 Sep 1;491-492:51-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.017. 
      Epub 2014 Mar 28.