PMID- 24698216
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160125
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1399-5448 (Electronic)
IS  - 1399-543X (Print)
IS  - 1399-543X (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015 May
TI  - Effects of low dose metformin in adolescents with type I diabetes mellitus: a 
      randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled study.
PG  - 196-203
LID - 10.1111/pedi.12140 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance increases during adolescence in those with type 1 
      diabetes mellitus (T1DM), complicating glycemic control and potentially 
      increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Metformin, typically used in type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a possible adjunct therapy in T1DM to help improve 
      glycemic control and insulin sensitivity. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that 
      metformin would improve metabolic parameters in adolescents with T1DM. DESIGN, 
      SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled 
      trial included 74 pubertal adolescents (ages: 13-20 yr) with T1DM. Participants 
      were randomized to receive either metformin or placebo for 6 months. Glycated 
      hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin dose, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), and 
      blood pressure were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 months, with fasting lipids 
      measured at baseline and 6 months. RESULTS: Total daily insulin dose, BMI z-score 
      and waist circumference significantly decreased at 3 and 6 months compared to 
      baseline within the metformin group, even among normal-weight participants. In 
      the placebo group, total insulin dose and systolic blood pressure increased 
      significantly at 3 months and total insulin dose increased significantly at 6 
      months. No significant change was observed in HbA1c at any time point between 
      metformin and placebo groups or within either group. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose 
      metformin likely improves BMI as well as insulin sensitivity in T1DM adolescents, 
      as indicated by a decrease in total daily insulin dose. The decrease in waist 
      circumference indicates that fat distribution is also likely impacted by 
      metformin in T1DM. Further studies with higher metformin doses and more detailed 
      measurements are needed to confirm these results, their underlying mechanisms, 
      and potential impact on CVD in T1DM youth.
CI  - (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Nadeau, Kristen J
AU  - Nadeau KJ
AD  - University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 
      Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Denver, CO, USA.
FAU - Chow, Kelsey
AU  - Chow K
FAU - Alam, Suhyla
AU  - Alam S
FAU - Lindquist, Kara
AU  - Lindquist K
FAU - Campbell, Sarah
AU  - Campbell S
FAU - McFann, Kim
AU  - McFann K
FAU - Klingensmith, Georgeanna
AU  - Klingensmith G
FAU - Walravens, Phillipe
AU  - Walravens P
LA  - eng
GR  - 1R56DK088971-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - M01 RR000069/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R56 DK088971/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 RR020038-05/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1 TR001082/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 RR020038/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 5 P30 DK48520-10/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - M01 RR00069-42/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 DK048520/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140403
PL  - Denmark
TA  - Pediatr Diabetes
JT  - Pediatric diabetes
JID - 100939345
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 9100L32L2N (Metformin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*drug therapy
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*administration & dosage
MH  - Insulin Resistance
MH  - Male
MH  - Metformin/*administration & dosage
PMC - PMC4185016
MID - NIHMS573132
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - adolescents
OT  - insulin resistance
OT  - metformin
OT  - type 1 diabetes mellitus
EDAT- 2014/04/05 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/26 06:00
PMCR- 2016/05/01
CRDT- 2014/04/05 06:00
PHST- 2013/07/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/11/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/02/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/04/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/04/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1111/pedi.12140 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatr Diabetes. 2015 May;16(3):196-203. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12140. Epub 2014 Apr 
      3.