PMID- 24702987 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150212 LR - 20240321 IS - 1873-7862 (Electronic) IS - 0924-977X (Print) IS - 0924-977X (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 7 DP - 2014 Jul TI - BDNF plasma levels after antidepressant treatment with sertraline and transcranial direct current stimulation: results from a factorial, randomized, sham-controlled trial. PG - 1144-51 LID - S0924-977X(14)00091-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.03.006 [doi] AB - Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation intervention that modifies cortical excitability according to the stimulation parameters. Preclinical and clinical studies in healthy volunteers suggest that tDCS induces neuroplastic alterations of cortical excitability, which might explain its clinical effects in major depressive disorder (MDD). We therefore examined whether tDCS, as compared to the antidepressant sertraline, increases plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, a neurotrophin associated with neuroplasticity. Patients (n=73) with major depressive disorder were randomized to active/sham tDCS and sertraline/placebo (four groups) in this 6-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. We measured BDNF plasma levels at baseline and endpoint, observing no significant changes of BDNF levels after treatment. In addition, no significant changes were observed in responders and non-responders as well as no relationships between BDNF levels and clinical and psychopathological variables related to depression. Thus, in one of the few placebo-controlled trials evaluating BDNF changes over an antidepressant treatment course, we did not observe BDNF increase regardless of clinical improvement in depressed patients. Regarding tDCS, BDNF plasma levels might not be a good candidate biomarker to evaluate depression improvement or be a predictor of response in patients treated with tDCS, as our results showed that BDNF increase was not necessary to induce clinical response. Finally, our findings do not support a relationship between BDNF and improvement of depression. CI - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved. FAU - Brunoni, Andre R AU - Brunoni AR AD - Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research & Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation (CINA), University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (SIN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: brunoni@usp.br. FAU - Machado-Vieira, Rodrigo AU - Machado-Vieira R AD - Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Zarate, Carlos A Jr AU - Zarate CA Jr AD - Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Vieira, Erica L M AU - Vieira EL AD - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Vanderhasselt, Marie-Anne AU - Vanderhasselt MA AD - Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium. FAU - Nitsche, Michael A AU - Nitsche MA AD - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August University, Goettingen, Germany. FAU - Valiengo, Leandro AU - Valiengo L AD - Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research & Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation (CINA), University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (SIN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Bensenor, Isabela M AU - Bensenor IM AD - Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research & Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation (CINA), University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Lotufo, Paulo A AU - Lotufo PA AD - Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research & Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation (CINA), University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Gattaz, Wagner F AU - Gattaz WF AD - Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Teixeira, Antonio L AU - Teixeira AL AD - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. LA - eng GR - Z99 MH999999/Intramural NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20140327 PL - Netherlands TA - Eur Neuropsychopharmacol JT - European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology JID - 9111390 RN - 0 (Antidepressive Agents) RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - QUC7NX6WMB (Sertraline) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antidepressive Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*blood MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Depressive Disorder, Major/blood/drug therapy/*therapy MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Sertraline/*therapeutic use MH - *Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC4081041 MID - NIHMS596562 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain-derived neurotrophic factor OT - Major depressive disorder OT - Neuroplasticity OT - Non-invasive brain stimulation OT - Sertraline OT - Transcranial direct current stimulation COIS- Conflict of interest: CAZ is listed as a coinventor on a patent application for the use of ketamine and its metabolites in major depression. CAZ has assigned his rights in the patent to the US government but will share a percentage of any royalties that may be received by the government. EDAT- 2014/04/08 06:00 MHDA- 2015/02/13 06:00 PMCR- 2015/07/01 CRDT- 2014/04/08 06:00 PHST- 2013/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/02/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2014/03/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/04/08 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/04/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/02/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0924-977X(14)00091-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.03.006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014 Jul;24(7):1144-51. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.03.006. Epub 2014 Mar 27.