PMID- 24708804
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150120
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1746-6148 (Electronic)
IS  - 1746-6148 (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2014 Apr 5
TI  - Spatial and temporal patterns of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome 
      virus (PRRSV) genotypes in Ontario, Canada, 2004-2007.
PG  - 83
LID - 10.1186/1746-6148-10-83 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The spread of PRRSV among pig herds has been investigated 
      experimentally, but few observational studies have investigated this subject. 
      Because PRRSV is endemic and live modified vaccines are used in Ontario, the 
      spatial and temporal distributions of 6 PRRSV genotypes were investigated in the 
      province during the period from 2004-2007. The purpose was to find evidence of 
      spread of PRRSV genotypes and determine if spread could be attributed to supplier 
      or ownership connections between herds. Sequence information from PRRSV ORF5 and 
      related source-herd demographic information were obtained from diagnostic 
      submissions to the Animal Health Laboratory, University of Guelph. RESULTS: A 
      spatial cluster that could not be attributed to supplier or ownership connections 
      among herds in the cluster was detected for RFLP type 1-3-4. Because of genetic 
      dissimilarity among members of the cluster, it was considered to be a result of 
      past spread of the RFLP type. A spatio-temporal cluster detected for RFLP type 
      1-18-4 was attributed to a shared gilt supplier among the herds in the cluster. 
      Significant spatio-temporal patterns detected for RFLP type 2-5-2, which is 
      considered to be a vaccine-type virus were most likely due to grouping of herds 
      in an ownership that used the corresponding vaccine. Clustering within 
      herd-ownership was a risk factor for presence of five of the six genotypes 
      investigated in the present study. CONCLUSIONS: Although the literature indicates 
      that PRRSV can spread via aerosol between pig herds, the present study found no 
      strong evidence of this occurring in Ontario. The evidence pointed toward 
      transmission of PRRSV occurring in this population by common sources of animals 
      or similarity of herd ownership, which is a proxy measure for other connections 
      between herds. It is also apparent that the recognition and testing of these 
      connections between herds is a necessary part of interpreting spatio-temporal 
      patterns of PRRSV genotypes.
FAU - Rosendal, Thomas
AU  - Rosendal T
AD  - Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. 
      thomas.rosendal@sva.se.
FAU - Dewey, Cate
AU  - Dewey C
FAU - Friendship, Robert
AU  - Friendship R
FAU - Wootton, Sarah
AU  - Wootton S
FAU - Young, Beth
AU  - Young B
FAU - Poljak, Zvonimir
AU  - Poljak Z
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140405
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Vet Res
JT  - BMC veterinary research
JID - 101249759
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - Genetic Variation
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Ontario/epidemiology
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology/*virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*genetics
MH  - Swine
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC4005473
EDAT- 2014/04/09 06:00
MHDA- 2015/01/21 06:00
PMCR- 2014/04/05
CRDT- 2014/04/09 06:00
PHST- 2013/03/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/03/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/04/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/04/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/04/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1746-6148-10-83 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1746-6148-10-83 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Vet Res. 2014 Apr 5;10:83. doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-83.