PMID- 24715421
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150826
LR  - 20140519
IS  - 1896-494X (Electronic)
IS  - 1232-1087 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 2
DP  - 2014 Apr
TI  - Chemical composition of surgical smoke formed in the abdominal cavity during 
      laparoscopic cholecystectomy--assessment of the risk to the patient.
PG  - 314-25
LID - 10.2478/s13382-014-0250-3 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the exposure of patients to 
      organic substances produced and identified in surgical smoke formed in the 
      abdominal cavity during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 
      Identification of these substances in surgical smoke was performed by the use of 
      gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with selective ion monitoring (SIM). 
      The selected biomarkers of exposure to surgical smoke included benzene, toluene, 
      ethylbenzene and xylene. Their concentrations in the urine samples collected from 
      each patient before and after the surgery were determined by SPME-GC/MS. RESULTS: 
      Qualitative analysis of the smoke produced during laparoscopic procedures 
      revealed the presence of a wide variety of potentially toxic chemicals such as 
      benzene, toluene, xylene, dioxins and other substances. The average 
      concentrations of benzene and toluene in the urine of the patients who underwent 
      laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in contrast to the other determined compounds, were 
      significantly higher after the surgery than before it, which indicates that they 
      were absorbed. CONCLUSIONS: The source of the compounds produced in the abdominal 
      cavity during the surgery is tissue pyrolysis in the presence of carbon dioxide 
      atmosphere. All patients undergoing laparoscopic procedures are at risk of 
      absorbing and excreting smoke by-products. Exposure of the patient to emerging 
      chemical compounds is usually a one-time and short-term incident, yet 
      concentrations of benzene and toluene found in the urine were significantly 
      higher after the surgery than before it.
FAU - Dobrogowski, Milosz
AU  - Dobrogowski M
AD  - Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, 
      Poland, miloszd@onet.pl.
FAU - Wesolowski, Wiktor
AU  - Wesolowski W
FAU - Kucharska, Malgorzata
AU  - Kucharska M
FAU - Sapota, Andrzej
AU  - Sapota A
FAU - Pomorski, Lech Sylwester
AU  - Pomorski LS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140409
PL  - Poland
TA  - Int J Occup Med Environ Health
JT  - International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health
JID - 9437093
RN  - 0 (Benzene Derivatives)
RN  - 0 (Smoke)
RN  - 0 (Xylenes)
RN  - 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene)
RN  - J64922108F (Benzene)
RN  - L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene)
SB  - IM
MH  - Abdominal Cavity/surgery
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Benzene/analysis
MH  - Benzene Derivatives/urine
MH  - *Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic
MH  - Electrocoagulation
MH  - Electrosurgery
MH  - Female
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Patient Safety
MH  - *Peritoneal Absorption
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Smoke/*analysis
MH  - Toluene/urine
MH  - Xylenes/urine
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2014/04/10 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/27 06:00
CRDT- 2014/04/10 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/02/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/04/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/04/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2478/s13382-014-0250-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2014 Apr;27(2):314-25. doi: 
      10.2478/s13382-014-0250-3. Epub 2014 Apr 9.