PMID- 24726767
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150109
LR  - 20140527
IS  - 1872-9754 (Electronic)
IS  - 0197-0186 (Linking)
VI  - 72
DP  - 2014 Jun
TI  - Effects of long-term exposure of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; 
      "ecstasy") on neuronal transmitter transport, brain immuno-regulatory systems and 
      progression of experimental periodontitis in rats.
PG  - 30-6
LID - S0197-0186(14)00087-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.04.002 [doi]
AB  - The present study was designed to investigate the effects of long-term exposure 
      (4 weeks) to the widely used narcotic drug and putative neurotoxicant 
      3,4-methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA; "ecstasy") on neuronal transmitter 
      transport and progression of experimental periodontitis in male Wistar rats. The 
      rats were exposed to MDMA (10mg/kg/day i.p.) or saline five days a week for four 
      consecutive weeks. Exposure to MDMA induced a significant reduction in the 
      synaptosomal reuptake of serotonin, while the uptake of dopamine was 
      significantly increased 24h after the last injection of MDMA. In contrast, the 
      synaptosomal uptake of noradrenaline and the vesicular uptake through the 
      vesicular monoamine transporter 2 were not affected. In the experiments of 
      periodontitis development, ligature-induced periodontitis was induced three days 
      prior to MDMA administration. Compared to controls, MDMA-treated rats developed 
      significantly more periodontitis. In conclusion, our results show that long-term 
      exposure to MDMA affects the serotonergic and dopaminergic transport systems in 
      the rat brain and increased the susceptibility to the psychosomatic ailment 
      periodontitis following disturbances of brain immune-regulatory systems. These 
      results are interesting with respect to recent research showing that changes in 
      neurotransmitter signalling may alter the reactivity of brain-controlled 
      immunoregulatory systems controlling pathogenic microorganisms colonizing mucosal 
      surfaces.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Breivik, Torbjorn
AU  - Breivik T
AD  - Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway; 
      Department of Pathology and Forensic Odontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University 
      of Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Bogen, Inger Lise
AU  - Bogen IL
AD  - Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Division for Protection, Kjeller, 
      Norway; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division for Forensic Sciences, 
      Department of Drug Abuse Research and Method Development, Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Haug, Kristin Huse
AU  - Haug KH
AD  - Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Division for Protection, Kjeller, 
      Norway.
FAU - Fonnum, Frode
AU  - Fonnum F
AD  - Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Division for Protection, Kjeller, 
      Norway.
FAU - Opstad, Per-Kristian
AU  - Opstad PK
AD  - Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Division for Protection, Kjeller, 
      Norway.
FAU - Eide, Dag Marcus
AU  - Eide DM
AD  - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Environmental Medicine, 
      Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Norway.
FAU - Myhre, Oddvar
AU  - Myhre O
AD  - Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Division for Protection, Kjeller, 
      Norway; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Environmental Medicine, 
      Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Norway. Electronic address: 
      Oddvar.Myhre@fhi.no.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140413
PL  - England
TA  - Neurochem Int
JT  - Neurochemistry international
JID - 8006959
RN  - 0 (Neurotransmitter Agents)
RN  - 0 (Serotonin Agents)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alveolar Bone Loss/chemically induced/pathology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - Brain Chemistry/*drug effects
MH  - Disease Progression
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*toxicity
MH  - Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism
MH  - Periodontitis/*pathology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Serotonin Agents/*toxicity
MH  - Weight Gain/drug effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Brain-neuroendocrine-immune regulation
OT  - Dopamine
OT  - Ecstasy
OT  - MDMA
OT  - Periodontitis
OT  - Serotonin
EDAT- 2014/04/15 06:00
MHDA- 2015/01/13 06:00
CRDT- 2014/04/15 06:00
PHST- 2013/10/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/03/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/04/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/04/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/04/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0197-0186(14)00087-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.04.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurochem Int. 2014 Jun;72:30-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.04.002. Epub 2014 Apr 
      13.