PMID- 24730703
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141201
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1423-0410 (Electronic)
IS  - 0042-9007 (Linking)
VI  - 107
IP  - 3
DP  - 2014 Oct
TI  - Quality and safety of red blood cells stored in two additive solutions subjected 
      to multiple room temperature exposures.
PG  - 239-46
LID - 10.1111/vox.12154 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Many international standards state that red blood cell 
      (RBC) products should be discarded if left out of controlled temperature storage 
      for longer than 30 min to reduce the risk of bacterial growth and RBC loss of 
      viability. This study aimed to verify whether repeated short-time exposures to 
      room temperature (RT) influence RBCs quality and bacterial proliferation. 
      MATERIALS AND METHODS: Saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM) and AS-3 RBC units 
      were split and exposed to RT for 30 or 60 min on day 2, 7, 14, 21, and 42 of 
      storage while reference units remained stored at 1-6 degrees C. Red blood cell in vitro 
      quality parameters were evaluated after each exposure. In a second experiment, 
      SAGM and AS-3 RBC units were split and inoculated with Staphylococcus epidermidis 
      (5 CFU/ml), Serratia marcescens (1 CFU/ml), and Serratia liquefaciens (1 CFU/ml). 
      Reference units remained in storage while test units were exposed as described 
      previously. Bacterial concentrations were investigated after each exposure. 
      RESULTS: No differences were noticed between reference and test units in any of 
      the in vitro parameters investigated. S. epidermidis did not grow in either 
      reference or exposed RBCs. While S. marcescens did not grow in AS-3, bacterial 
      growth was observed in RT-exposed SAGM RBCs on day 42. Similar growth was 
      obtained for S. liquefaciens in the two additive solutions for both reference and 
      test units. CONCLUSION: Short-time exposures to RT do not affect RBC quality and 
      do not significantly influence bacterial growth. An expansion of the '30-minute' 
      rule to 60 min should be considered by regulatory agencies.
CI  - (c) 2014 International Society of Blood Transfusion.
FAU - de Grandmont, M J
AU  - de Grandmont MJ
AD  - Hema-Quebec, Operational Research, R&D, Quebec, QC, Canada.
FAU - Ducas, E
AU  - Ducas E
FAU - Girard, M
AU  - Girard M
FAU - Methot, M
AU  - Methot M
FAU - Brien, M
AU  - Brien M
FAU - Thibault, L
AU  - Thibault L
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140415
PL  - England
TA  - Vox Sang
JT  - Vox sanguinis
JID - 0413606
RN  - 0 (Solutions)
RN  - 3OWL53L36A (Mannitol)
RN  - 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Donors
MH  - Blood Preservation/adverse effects/*standards
MH  - Cryopreservation
MH  - Erythrocytes/*microbiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mannitol
MH  - Safety
MH  - Serratia liquefaciens/growth & development
MH  - Serratia marcescens/growth & development
MH  - Sodium Chloride
MH  - Solutions
MH  - Staphylococcus epidermidis/growth & development
MH  - *Temperature
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 30-minute rule
OT  - bacterial growth in RBCs
OT  - red blood cell quality
OT  - storage lesions
OT  - temperature deviations
EDAT- 2014/04/16 06:00
MHDA- 2014/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2014/04/16 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/03/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/03/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/04/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/04/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/vox.12154 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vox Sang. 2014 Oct;107(3):239-46. doi: 10.1111/vox.12154. Epub 2014 Apr 15.