PMID- 24751989
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150820
LR  - 20141205
IS  - 1878-1780 (Electronic)
IS  - 1262-3636 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 6
DP  - 2014 Dec
TI  - Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE): a 
      promising tool to diagnose bacterial infections in diabetic foot ulcers.
PG  - 476-80
LID - S1262-3636(14)00063-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.diabet.2014.03.002 [doi]
AB  - AIM: The diagnosis of diabetic foot infections is difficult due to limitations of 
      conventional culture-based techniques. The objective of this study was to 
      evaluate the contribution of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) in 
      the microbiological diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcers in comparison to 
      conventional techniques, and also to evaluate the need to perform a biopsy sample 
      for this diagnosis. METHODS: Twenty diabetic patients (types 1 and 2) with foot 
      ulcers (grades 1-4) were included. After debridement of their wounds, samples 
      were taken in duplicate by surface swabbing and deep-tissue biopsy. The samples 
      were analyzed by conventional culture and by a new molecular biology tool, DGGE 
      technology. RESULTS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-DGGE led to the 
      identification of more bacteria than did conventional cultures (mean: 2.35 vs 
      0.80, respectively). In 11 cases, the technology detected pathogenic species not 
      isolated by classical cultures. PCR-DGGE also identified significantly more 
      pathogenic species at deep levels compared with species detected at superficial 
      levels (87% vs 58%, respectively; P = 0.03). In 9/20 cases, pathogenic bacteria 
      were detected only in deep samples, revealing the need to perform tissue biopsy 
      sampling. CONCLUSION: DGGE, achievable in 48h, could be a useful technique for 
      the bacteriological diagnosis of diabetic foot infections. It may help to 
      identify pathogenic bacteria in deeply infected ulcers, thereby contributing to a 
      more appropriate use of antibiotics.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
FAU - Dunyach-Remy, C
AU  - Dunyach-Remy C
AD  - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, U1047, Universite de 
      Montpellier 1, 30908 Nimes, France; Department of Microbiology, CHU Caremeau, 
      30029 Nimes, France.
FAU - Cadiere, A
AU  - Cadiere A
AD  - EHESP Rennes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, INSERM-UMR-IRSET, U1085, LERES, 35000 Rennes, 
      France.
FAU - Richard, J-L
AU  - Richard JL
AD  - Department of Diabetology, CHU de Nimes, 30240 Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
FAU - Schuldiner, S
AU  - Schuldiner S
AD  - Department of Diabetology, CHU de Nimes, 30240 Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
FAU - Bayle, S
AU  - Bayle S
AD  - Centre LGEI, Ecole des Mines d'Ales, 30100 Ales, France.
FAU - Roig, B
AU  - Roig B
AD  - EHESP Rennes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, INSERM-UMR-IRSET, U1085, LERES, 35000 Rennes, 
      France.
FAU - Sotto, A
AU  - Sotto A
AD  - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, U1047, Universite de 
      Montpellier 1, 30908 Nimes, France.
FAU - Lavigne, J-P
AU  - Lavigne JP
AD  - Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, U1047, Universite de 
      Montpellier 1, 30908 Nimes, France; Department of Microbiology, CHU Caremeau, 
      30029 Nimes, France. Electronic address: jean.philippe.lavigne@chu-nimes.fr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140421
PL  - France
TA  - Diabetes Metab
JT  - Diabetes & metabolism
JID - 9607599
SB  - IM
MH  - Bacteria/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - Bacterial Infections/*microbiology
MH  - Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis/*methods
MH  - Diabetic Foot/*microbiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Molecular Typing/*methods
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction/*methods
MH  - Prospective Studies
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Antibiotic treatment
OT  - Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
OT  - Diabetic foot ulcer
OT  - Diagnostic
OT  - Ecology
OT  - Infection
EDAT- 2014/04/23 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/21 06:00
CRDT- 2014/04/23 06:00
PHST- 2013/11/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/03/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/03/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/04/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/04/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1262-3636(14)00063-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.diabet.2014.03.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Metab. 2014 Dec;40(6):476-80. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2014.03.002. Epub 
      2014 Apr 21.