PMID- 24771457
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151102
LR  - 20140820
IS  - 1096-9861 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9967 (Linking)
VI  - 522
IP  - 15
DP  - 2014 Oct 15
TI  - Expression of G proteins in the olfactory receptor neurons of the newt Cynops 
      pyrrhogaster: their unique projection into the olfactory bulbs.
PG  - 3501-19
LID - 10.1002/cne.23619 [doi]
AB  - We analyzed the expression of G protein alpha subunits and the axonal projection into 
      the brain in the olfactory system of the semiaquatic newt Cynops pyrrhogaster by 
      immunostaining with antibodies against Galphaolf and Galphao , by in situ hybridization 
      using probes for Galphaolf , Galphao , and Galphai2 , and by neuronal tracing with DiI and 
      DiA. The main olfactory epithelium (OE) consists of two parts, the ventral OE and 
      dorsal OE. In the ventral OE, the Galphaolf - and Galphao -expressing neurons are located 
      in the apical and basal zone of the OE, respectively. This zonal expression was 
      similar to that of the OE in the middle cavity of the fully aquatic toad Xenopus 
      laevis. However, the Galphaolf - and Galphao -expressing neurons in the newt ventral OE 
      project their axons toward the main olfactory bulb (MOB) and the accessory 
      olfactory bulb (AOB), respectively, whereas in Xenopus, the axons of both neurons 
      project solely toward the MOB. In the dorsal OE of the newt, as in the principal 
      cavity of Xenopus, the majority of the neurons express Galphaolf and extend their 
      axons into the MOB. In the vomeronasal organ (VNO), the neurons mostly express 
      Galphao . These neurons and quite a few Galphaolf -expressing neurons project their axons 
      toward the AOB. This feature is similar to that in the terrestrial toad Bufo 
      japonicus and is different from that in Xenopus, in which VNO neurons express 
      solely Galphao , although their axons invariably project toward the AOB. We discuss 
      the findings in the light of diversification and evolution of the vertebrate 
      olfactory system.
CI  - (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Nakada, Tomoaki
AU  - Nakada T
AD  - Department of Comparative and Behavioral Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan.
FAU - Hagino-Yamagishi, Kimiko
AU  - Hagino-Yamagishi K
FAU - Nakanishi, Koki
AU  - Nakanishi K
FAU - Yokosuka, Makoto
AU  - Yokosuka M
FAU - Saito, Toru R
AU  - Saito TR
FAU - Toyoda, Fumiyo
AU  - Toyoda F
FAU - Hasunuma, Itaru
AU  - Hasunuma I
FAU - Nakakura, Takashi
AU  - Nakakura T
FAU - Kikuyama, Sakae
AU  - Kikuyama S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140513
PL  - United States
TA  - J Comp Neurol
JT  - The Journal of comparative neurology
JID - 0406041
RN  - 0 (Amphibian Proteins)
RN  - EC 3.6.1.- (GTP-Binding Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amphibian Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Axons/metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - In Situ Hybridization
MH  - Microscopy, Immunoelectron
MH  - Nasal Mucosa/innervation/metabolism
MH  - Neural Pathways/anatomy & histology/metabolism
MH  - Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques
MH  - Olfactory Bulb/anatomy & histology/metabolism
MH  - Olfactory Receptor Neurons/*cytology/*metabolism
MH  - Salamandra/*anatomy & histology/*metabolism
MH  - Species Specificity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - G protein
OT  - RRID: AB_2313639
OT  - RRID: AB_2315629
OT  - RRID: AB_477585
OT  - RRID: AB_94671
OT  - amphibians
OT  - olfactory epithelium
OT  - olfactory system
OT  - vomeronasal organ
EDAT- 2014/04/29 06:00
MHDA- 2015/11/03 06:00
CRDT- 2014/04/29 06:00
PHST- 2013/08/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/04/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/04/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/04/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/04/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/11/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/cne.23619 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Comp Neurol. 2014 Oct 15;522(15):3501-19. doi: 10.1002/cne.23619. Epub 2014 May 
      13.