PMID- 24788369 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20140804 LR - 20211021 IS - 1560-2281 (Electronic) IS - 1083-3668 (Print) IS - 1083-3668 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 5 DP - 2014 May TI - Noninvasive optical cytochrome c oxidase redox state measurements using diffuse optical spectroscopy. PG - 055001 LID - 10.1117/1.JBO.19.5.055001 [doi] LID - 055001 AB - A major need exists for methods to assess organ oxidative metabolic states in vivo. By contrasting the responses to cyanide (CN) poisoning versus hemorrhage in animal models, we demonstrate that diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) can detect cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) redox states. Intermittent decreases in inspired O2 from 100% to 21% were applied before, during, and after CN poisoning, hemorrhage, and resuscitation in rabbits. Continuous DOS measurements of total hemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and oxidized and reduced CcO from muscle were obtained. Rabbit hemorrhage was accomplished with stepwise removal of blood, followed by blood resuscitation. CN treated rabbits received 0.166 mg/min NaCN infusion. During hemorrhage, CcO redox state became reduced concurrently with decreases in oxyhemoglobin, resulting from reduced tissue oxygen delivery and hypoxia. In contrast, during CN infusion, CcO redox state decreased while oxyhemoglobin concentration increased due to CN binding and reduction of CcO with resultant inhibition of the electron transport chain. Spectral absorption similarities between hemoglobin and CcO make noninvasive spectroscopic distinction of CcO redox states difficult. By contrasting physiological perturbations of CN poisoning versus hemorrhage, we demonstrate that DOS measured CcO redox state changes are decoupled from hemoglobin concentration measurement changes. FAU - Lee, Jangwoen AU - Lee J AD - University of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612. FAU - Kim, Jae G AU - Kim JG AD - University of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612bGwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Information and Communications, Department of Medical System Engin. FAU - Mahon, Sari B AU - Mahon SB AD - University of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612. FAU - Mukai, David AU - Mukai D AD - University of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612. FAU - Yoon, David AU - Yoon D AD - University of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612. FAU - Boss, Gerry R AU - Boss GR AD - University of California San Diego, Department of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, California 92093. FAU - Patterson, Steven E AU - Patterson SE AD - University of Minnesota, Department of Pharmacology, 516 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455. FAU - Rockwood, Gary AU - Rockwood G AD - US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010. FAU - Isom, Gary AU - Isom G AD - Purdue University, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907. FAU - Brenner, Matthew AU - Brenner M AD - University of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612gUniversity of California Irvine Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, 333 West City Boulevard, Suite. LA - eng GR - U01 NS058030/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - P41-EB015890/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 NS063718/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - 1U54NS063718/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 NS079201/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - P41 EB015890/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States GR - 1U54NS079201/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - U54-NS079201/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - U01-NS058030/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PL - United States TA - J Biomed Opt JT - Journal of biomedical optics JID - 9605853 RN - 0 (Hemoglobins) RN - 0 (Oxyhemoglobins) RN - 9008-02-0 (deoxyhemoglobin) RN - EC 1.9.3.1 (Electron Transport Complex IV) RN - O5DDB9Z95G (Sodium Cyanide) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Electron Transport Complex IV/*chemistry MH - *Hemodynamics/drug effects/physiology MH - Hemoglobins/analysis/chemistry MH - Hemorrhage/physiopathology MH - Oxidation-Reduction MH - Oxyhemoglobins/analysis/chemistry MH - Rabbits MH - Sodium Cyanide/toxicity MH - Spectrum Analysis/*methods PMC - PMC4006145 EDAT- 2014/05/03 06:00 MHDA- 2014/08/05 06:00 PMCR- 2015/05/01 CRDT- 2014/05/03 06:00 PHST- 2013/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/03/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/05/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/05/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/08/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 1867738 [pii] AID - 130482RR [pii] AID - 10.1117/1.JBO.19.5.055001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Biomed Opt. 2014 May;19(5):055001. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.19.5.055001.