PMID- 24790061
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150130
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1945-2403 (Electronic)
IS  - 0146-4760 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 5
DP  - 2014 Jun
TI  - Validation of an automated solid-phase extraction method for the analysis of 23 
      opioids, cocaine, and metabolites in urine with ultra-performance liquid 
      chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PG  - 280-8
LID - 10.1093/jat/bku024 [doi]
AB  - The aim of this work was to automate a sample preparation procedure extracting 
      morphine, hydromorphone, oxymorphone, norcodeine, codeine, dihydrocodeine, 
      oxycodone, 6-monoacetyl-morphine, hydrocodone, ethylmorphine, benzoylecgonine, 
      cocaine, cocaethylene, tramadol, meperidine, pentazocine, fentanyl, norfentanyl, 
      buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, propoxyphene, methadone and 
      2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine from urine samples. Samples 
      were extracted by solid-phase extraction (SPE) with cation exchange cartridges 
      using a TECAN Freedom Evo 100 base robotic system, including a hydrolysis step 
      previous extraction when required. Block modules were carefully selected in order 
      to use the same consumable material as in manual procedures to reduce cost and/or 
      manual sample transfers. Moreover, the present configuration included pressure 
      monitoring pipetting increasing pipetting accuracy and detecting sampling errors. 
      The compounds were then separated in a chromatographic run of 9 min using a BEH 
      Phenyl analytical column on a ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass 
      spectrometry system. Optimization of the SPE was performed with different wash 
      conditions and elution solvents. Intra- and inter-day relative standard 
      deviations (RSDs) were within +/-15% and bias was within +/-15% for most of the 
      compounds. Recovery was >69% (RSD < 11%) and matrix effects ranged from 1 to 26% 
      when compensated with the internal standard. The limits of quantification ranged 
      from 3 to 25 ng/mL depending on the compound. No cross-contamination in the 
      automated SPE system was observed. The extracted samples were stable for 72 h in 
      the autosampler (4 degrees C). This method was applied to authentic samples (from 
      forensic and toxicology cases) and to proficiency testing schemes containing 
      cocaine, heroin, buprenorphine and methadone, offering fast and reliable results. 
      Automation resulted in improved precision and accuracy, and a minimum operator 
      intervention, leading to safer sample handling and less time-consuming 
      procedures.
FAU - Ramirez Fernandez, Maria del Mar
AU  - Ramirez Fernandez Mdel M
AD  - Federal Public Service Justice, National Institute of Criminalistics and 
      Criminology, Chaussee de Vilvorde 100, 1120 Brussels, Belgium.
FAU - Van Durme, Filip
AU  - Van Durme F
FAU - Wille, Sarah M R
AU  - Wille SM
FAU - di Fazio, Vincent
AU  - di Fazio V
FAU - Kummer, Natalie
AU  - Kummer N
FAU - Samyn, Nele
AU  - Samyn N
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20140430
PL  - England
TA  - J Anal Toxicol
JT  - Journal of analytical toxicology
JID - 7705085
RN  - 0 (Analgesics, Opioid)
RN  - I5Y540LHVR (Cocaine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analgesics, Opioid/*urine
MH  - Automation
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/*methods
MH  - Cocaine/*urine
MH  - Humans
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction/*methods
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry/*methods
EDAT- 2014/05/03 06:00
MHDA- 2015/01/31 06:00
CRDT- 2014/05/03 06:00
PHST- 2014/05/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/05/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - bku024 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/jat/bku024 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Anal Toxicol. 2014 Jun;38(5):280-8. doi: 10.1093/jat/bku024. Epub 2014 Apr 30.