PMID- 24798661
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140929
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1471-4159 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3042 (Linking)
VI  - 130
IP  - 4
DP  - 2014 Aug
TI  - Induction of depressive-like effects by subchronic exposure to cocaine or heroin 
      in laboratory rats.
PG  - 575-82
LID - 10.1111/jnc.12753 [doi]
AB  - The effect of psychoactive drugs on depression has usually been studied in cases 
      of prolonged drug addiction and/or withdrawal, without much emphasis on the 
      effects of subchronic or recreational drug use. To address this issue, we exposed 
      laboratory rats to subchronic regimens of heroin or cocaine and tested long-term 
      effects on (i) depressive-like behaviors, (ii) brain-derived neurotrophic factor 
      (BDNF) levels in reward-related brain regions, and (iii) depressive-like behavior 
      following an additional chronic mild stress procedure. The long-term effect of 
      subchronic cocaine exposure was a general reduction in locomotor activity whereas 
      heroin exposure induced a more specific increase in immobility during the forced 
      swim test. Both cocaine and heroin exposure induced alterations in BDNF levels 
      that are similar to those observed in several animal models of depression. 
      Finally, both cocaine and heroin exposure significantly enhanced the anhedonic 
      effect of chronic mild stress. These results suggest that subchronic drug 
      exposure induces depressive-like behavior which is accompanied by modifications 
      in BDNF expression and increases the vulnerability to develop depressive-like 
      behavior following chronic stress. Implications for recreational and small-scale 
      drug users are discussed. In the present study, we examined the long-term effects 
      of limited subchronic drug exposure on depressive-like symptoms. Our results 
      demonstrate that short-term, subchronic administration of either cocaine or 
      heroin promotes some depressive-like behaviors, while inducing alterations in 
      BDNF protein levels similar to alterations observed in several animal models of 
      depression. In addition, subchronic cocaine or heroin enhanced the anhedonic 
      effect of chronic stress.
CI  - (c) 2014 International Society for Neurochemistry.
FAU - Zilkha, Noga
AU  - Zilkha N
AD  - Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; 
      Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
FAU - Feigin, Eugene
AU  - Feigin E
FAU - Barnea-Ygael, Noam
AU  - Barnea-Ygael N
FAU - Zangen, Abraham
AU  - Zangen A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140524
PL  - England
TA  - J Neurochem
JT  - Journal of neurochemistry
JID - 2985190R
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Narcotics)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, AMPA)
RN  - 70D95007SX (Heroin)
RN  - I5Y540LHVR (Cocaine)
RN  - TFZ3H25BS1 (glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anhedonia/physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Behavior, Animal/drug effects
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
MH  - *Cocaine
MH  - Depression/*chemically induced/psychology
MH  - *Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors
MH  - *Heroin
MH  - Male
MH  - *Narcotics
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Receptors, AMPA/metabolism
MH  - Stress, Psychological/psychology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BDNF
OT  - cocaine
OT  - depression
OT  - heroin
EDAT- 2014/05/07 06:00
MHDA- 2014/09/30 06:00
CRDT- 2014/05/07 06:00
PHST- 2014/01/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/04/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/04/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/05/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/05/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/09/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/jnc.12753 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurochem. 2014 Aug;130(4):575-82. doi: 10.1111/jnc.12753. Epub 2014 May 24.