PMID- 24858834
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150909
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 1095-8304 (Electronic)
IS  - 0195-6663 (Linking)
VI  - 80
DP  - 2014 Sep
TI  - Carbohydrate in the mouth enhances activation of brain circuitry involved in 
      motor performance and sensory perception.
PG  - 212-9
LID - S0195-6663(14)00228-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.appet.2014.05.020 [doi]
AB  - The presence of carbohydrate in the human mouth has been associated with the 
      facilitation of motor output and improvements in physical performance. Oral 
      receptors have been identified as a potential mode of afferent transduction for 
      this novel form of nutrient signalling that is distinct from taste. In the 
      current study oral exposure to carbohydrate was combined with a motor task in a 
      neuroimaging environment to identify areas of the brain involved in this 
      phenomenon. A mouth-rinsing protocol was conducted whilst carbohydrate (CHO) and 
      taste-matched placebo (PLA) solutions were delivered and recovered from the 
      mouths of 10 healthy volunteers within a double-blind, counterbalanced design. 
      This protocol eliminates post-oral factors and controls for the perceptual 
      qualities of solutions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was 
      used to identify cortical areas responsive to oral carbohydrate during rest and 
      activity phases of a hand-grip motor task. Mean blood-oxygen-level dependent 
      signal change experienced in the contralateral primary sensorimotor cortex was 
      larger for CHO compared with PLA during the motor task when contrasted with a 
      control condition. Areas of activation associated with CHO exclusively were 
      observed over the primary taste cortex and regions involved in visual perception. 
      Regions in the limbic system associated with reward were also significantly more 
      active with CHO. This is the first demonstration that oral carbohydrate 
      signalling can increase activation within the primary sensorimotor cortex during 
      physical activity and enhance activation of neural networks involved in sensory 
      perception.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Turner, Clare E
AU  - Turner CE
AD  - Exercise Neurometabolism Laboratory, Centre for Brain Research, The University of 
      Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
FAU - Byblow, Winston D
AU  - Byblow WD
AD  - Movement Neuroscience Laboratory, Centre for Brain Research, The University of 
      Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Stinear, Cathy M
AU  - Stinear CM
AD  - Department of Medicine, Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 
      New Zealand.
FAU - Gant, Nicholas
AU  - Gant N
AD  - Exercise Neurometabolism Laboratory, Centre for Brain Research, The University of 
      Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. Electronic address: 
      n.gant@auckland.ac.nz.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140521
PL  - England
TA  - Appetite
JT  - Appetite
JID - 8006808
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Brain/*physiology
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Female
MH  - Healthy Volunteers
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Activity
MH  - Mouth/*physiology
MH  - Parietal Lobe/physiology
MH  - *Sensation
MH  - Taste
MH  - Taste Perception
MH  - Visual Perception
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Carbohydrate
OT  - Magnetic resonance imaging
OT  - Physical activity
OT  - Sensorimotor integration
OT  - Taste receptors
EDAT- 2014/05/27 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/10 06:00
CRDT- 2014/05/27 06:00
PHST- 2014/01/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/04/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/05/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/05/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/05/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/10 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0195-6663(14)00228-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.appet.2014.05.020 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appetite. 2014 Sep;80:212-9. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.05.020. Epub 2014 May 21.