PMID- 24877040
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140530
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2288-176X (Print)
IS  - 2288-1778 (Electronic)
IS  - 2288-176X (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 2
DP  - 2014 Apr
TI  - Swimming exercise ameliorates multiple sclerosis-induced impairment of short-term 
      memory by suppressing apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats.
PG  - 69-74
LID - 10.12965/jer.140103 [doi]
AB  - Multiple sclerosis is one of the autoimmune diseases in the central nervous 
      system. Multiple sclerosis occurs through multiple mechanisms, and it is also 
      mediated in part by an apoptotic mechanism. Swimming exercise has been 
      recommended for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. In the present 
      study, we investigated the effects of swimming exercise on short-term memory in 
      relation with apoptotic neuronal cell death in the hippocampus following 
      induction of multiple sclerosis. For this study, step-down avoidance task, 
      terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) 
      assay, immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 were performed. The animal model of 
      multiple sclerosis was made by bilateral intracerebral ventricle injection of 
      ethidium bromide. The rats in the swimming exercise groups were forced to swim 
      for 30 min once daily for 14 consecutive days, starting 3 days after induction of 
      multiple sclerosis. In the present results, short-term memory was deteriorated in 
      the multiple sclerosis-induced rats. The number of TUNEL-positive and 
      caspase-3-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was increased in the 
      multiple sclerosis-induced rats. Swimming exercise alleviated multiple 
      sclerosis-induced short-term memory impairment by suppressing apoptotic neuronal 
      cell death in the hippocampus. These effects of swimming exercise may aid symptom 
      relief in the incurable neurodegenerative diseases.
FAU - Jin, Jun-Jang
AU  - Jin JJ
AD  - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea 
      ; Department of Exercise Physiology & Prescription, Graduate School of Health 
      Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea.
FAU - Ko, Il-Gyu
AU  - Ko IG
AD  - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Sung-Eun
AU  - Kim SE
AD  - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Shin, Mal-Soon
AU  - Shin MS
AD  - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Sang-Hoon
AU  - Kim SH
AD  - Department of Physical Education, Graduate School of Education, Sangmyung 
      University, Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Jee, Yong-Seok
AU  - Jee YS
AD  - Department of Exercise Physiology & Prescription, Graduate School of Health 
      Promotion, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140430
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - J Exerc Rehabil
JT  - Journal of exercise rehabilitation
JID - 101615171
PMC - PMC4025552
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Apoptotic neuronal cell death
OT  - Multiple sclerosis
OT  - Short-term memory
OT  - Swimming
EDAT- 2014/05/31 06:00
MHDA- 2014/05/31 06:01
PMCR- 2014/04/30
CRDT- 2014/05/31 06:00
PHST- 2014/04/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/04/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/05/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/05/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/05/31 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2014/04/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - jer-10-2-69-4 [pii]
AID - 10.12965/jer.140103 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Exerc Rehabil. 2014 Apr 30;10(2):69-74. doi: 10.12965/jer.140103. eCollection 
      2014 Apr.