PMID- 24879765
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150219
LR  - 20140625
IS  - 1525-3163 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-8812 (Linking)
VI  - 92
IP  - 7
DP  - 2014 Jul
TI  - Effects of temperature-humidity index and chromium supplementation on antioxidant 
      capacity, heat shock protein 72, and cytokine responses of lactating cows.
PG  - 3026-34
LID - 10.2527/jas.2013-6932 [doi]
AB  - Heat stress adversely affects the productivity and immune status of dairy cows. 
      The temperature-humidity index (THI) is commonly used to indicate the degree of 
      heat stress on dairy cattle. We investigated the effects of different THI and Cr 
      supplementation on the antioxidant capacity, the levels of heat shock protein 72 
      (Hsp72), and cytokine responses of lactating cows. The study used a total of 24 
      clinically healthy uniparous midlactation Holstein cows, which were randomly 
      divided into 2 groups (n = 12 per group), and was conducted in 3 designated THI 
      periods: low THI period (LTHI; THI = 56.4 +/- 2.5), moderate THI period (MTHI; THI 
      = 73.9 +/- 1.7), and high THI period (HTHI; THI = 80.3 +/- 1.0). The 2 groups of cows 
      were fed corn and corn silage based basal diet supplemented chromium picolinate 
      to provide 3.5 mg of Cr/cow daily (Cr+) or basal diet with no Cr (Cr-). The 
      experiment was a 3 x 2 factorial design. The numbers of leukocytes (P < 0.05) and 
      serum levels of glucose (P < 0.001) were lower; however, the serum levels of 
      blood urea nitrogen (BUN; P < 0.001) and creatinine (P < 0.001) were greater in 
      the MTHI and HTHI than in LTHI. The total antioxidant capacity in the serum was 
      unaltered; an increase in superoxide dismutase activity (P < 0.001) and in serum 
      malondialdehyde concentration (P < 0.001) was observed in the MTHI and HTHI 
      compared with the LTHI. The high THI led to increases in serum concentrations of 
      tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; P < 0.001) and IL-10 (P < 0.05). Cows 
      supplemented with Cr had lower (P = 0.009) serum concentrations of cholesterol 
      but greater (P < 0.001, respectively) serum levels of Hsp72 and IL-10 compared 
      with those without Cr supplementation in the HTHI. Western blot analysis revealed 
      that cows supplemented with Cr had greater (P = 0.038) expression of the 
      inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B alpha (IkappaBalpha) in peripheral blood mononuclear 
      cells (PBMC) compared with those without Cr supplementation in the HTHI, whereas 
      the expression of Hsp72 in PBMC was unaltered. Data indicate that there is a 
      decrease in glucose and increases in BUN and creatinine in the serum of 
      midlactation cows under hot conditions during the summer and that these cows have 
      a lowered oxidative capacity but an elevated antioxidant capacity. In addition, 
      Cr may play an anti-inflammatory role in lactating cows by promoting the release 
      of Hsp72, increasing the production of IL-10, and inhibiting the degradation of 
      IkappaBalpha under hot conditions during the summer.
FAU - Zhang, F J
AU  - Zhang FJ
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, 
      China Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102442, China.
FAU - Weng, X G
AU  - Weng XG
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, 
      China.
FAU - Wang, J F
AU  - Wang JF
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, 
      China.
FAU - Zhou, D
AU  - Zhou D
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, 
      China.
FAU - Zhang, W
AU  - Zhang W
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, 
      China.
FAU - Zhai, C C
AU  - Zhai CC
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, 
      China.
FAU - Hou, Y X
AU  - Hou YX
AD  - Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102442, China.
FAU - Zhu, Y H
AU  - Zhu YH
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, 
      China zhu_yaohong@hotmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140530
PL  - United States
TA  - J Anim Sci
JT  - Journal of animal science
JID - 8003002
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Picolinic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10)
RN  - 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde)
RN  - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase)
RN  - QZV2W997JQ (picolinic acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cattle/immunology/*physiology
MH  - Cytokines/*blood/physiology
MH  - Diet/veterinary
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Female
MH  - HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/*blood/physiology
MH  - Heat-Shock Response/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Hot Temperature/adverse effects
MH  - Humidity/*adverse effects
MH  - Interleukin-10/blood
MH  - Lactation/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Malondialdehyde/blood
MH  - NF-kappa B/blood
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction/*drug effects
MH  - Picolinic Acids/*pharmacology
MH  - Superoxide Dismutase/blood
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - chromium
OT  - cytokine
OT  - dairy cattle
OT  - heat shock protein 72
OT  - heat stress
OT  - temperature-humidity index
EDAT- 2014/06/01 06:00
MHDA- 2015/02/20 06:00
CRDT- 2014/06/01 06:00
PHST- 2014/06/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/06/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/02/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - jas.2013-6932 [pii]
AID - 10.2527/jas.2013-6932 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Anim Sci. 2014 Jul;92(7):3026-34. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-6932. Epub 2014 May 30.