PMID- 24882018 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150309 LR - 20220409 IS - 1095-9947 (Electronic) IS - 1050-4648 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 2 DP - 2014 Aug TI - Site-related differences in gene expression and bacterial densities in the mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus from the Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike deep-sea hydrothermal vent sites. PG - 343-53 LID - S1050-4648(14)00173-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.024 [doi] AB - The deep-sea hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus is a symbiont bearing bivalve that is found in great abundance at the Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike hydrothermal vent sites and in close vicinity of the Azores region near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). The physiological relationships that vent mussels have developed with their physical and chemical environments are likely to influence global gene expression profiles providing thus the means to investigate distinct biological markers predicting the origin of Bathymodiolus sp. irrespectively of their geographical localization. Differences found at gene expression levels, and between fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing results provided experimental evidence for the distinction of both Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike vent mussel individuals based on bacterial and vent mussel gene expression signatures and on the constitutive distribution and relative abundance of endosymbiotic bacteria within gill tissues. Our results confirmed the presence of methanotroph endosymbionts in Menez Gwen vent mussels whereas Lucky Strike specimens seem to harbor a different bacterial morphotype when a methane monooxygenase gene specific probe was used. No qualitative differences could be visualized between Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike individuals when tested with a sulfur-oxidizing-related probe. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) studies revealed different gene expression profiles in both Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike mussel gill tissues for the immune genes selected. Genes encoding transcription factors presented noticeably low levels of fold expression whether in Menez Gwen or Lucky Strike animals whereas the genes encoding effector molecules appeared to have higher levels expression in gill tissues from Menez Gwen animals. The peptidoglycan recognition molecule encoding gene, PGRP, presented the highest level of transcriptional activity among the genes analyzed in Menez Gwen mussel gill tissues, seconded by carcinolectin and thus denoting the relevance of immune recognition molecules in early stage of the immune responses onset. Genes regarded as encoding molecules involved in signaling pathways were consistently expressed in both Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike mussel gill tissues. Remarkably, the immunity-related GTPase encoding gene demonstrated, in Lucky Strike samples, the highest level of expression among the signaling molecule encoding genes tested when expressions levels were compared between Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike animals. A differential expression analysis of bacterial genes between Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike mussels indicated a clear expression signature in the latter animal gill tissues. The bacterial community structure ensued from the 16S rRNA sequencing analyses pointed at an unpredicted conservation of endosymbiont bacterial loads between Menez Gwen and Lucky Strike samples. Taken together, our results support the hypothesis that B. azoricus exhibits different transcriptional statuses while living in distinct hydrothermal vent sites may result in distinct gene expressions because of physico-chemical and/or symbiont densities differences. CI - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Bettencourt, Raul AU - Bettencourt R AD - IMAR-Center, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal. Electronic address: raul@uac.pt. FAU - Rodrigues, Monica AU - Rodrigues M AD - IMAR-Center, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal. FAU - Barros, Ines AU - Barros I AD - IMAR-Center, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal. FAU - Cerqueira, Teresa AU - Cerqueira T AD - IMAR-Center, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal. FAU - Freitas, Catia AU - Freitas C AD - Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal. FAU - Costa, Valentina AU - Costa V AD - Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal. FAU - Pinheiro, Miguel AU - Pinheiro M AD - Biocant, Biotechnology Innovation Center, Cantanhede, Portugal. FAU - Egas, Conceicao AU - Egas C AD - Biocant, Biotechnology Innovation Center, Cantanhede, Portugal. FAU - Santos, Ricardo Serrao AU - Santos RS AD - IMAR-Center, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20140602 PL - England TA - Fish Shellfish Immunol JT - Fish & shellfish immunology JID - 9505220 RN - 0 (DNA Primers) RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Atlantic Ocean MH - Base Sequence MH - Bivalvia/*metabolism/*microbiology MH - Computational Biology MH - DNA Primers/genetics MH - *Ecosystem MH - Gene Expression Regulation/*physiology MH - Geography MH - Gills/microbiology MH - *Hydrothermal Vents MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - Microbiota/*genetics MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Sequence Analysis, DNA MH - Species Specificity MH - *Symbiosis MH - Transcriptome OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bathymodiolus azoricus OT - Endosymbiont OT - FISH OT - Gene expression OT - Immune genes EDAT- 2014/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2015/03/10 06:00 CRDT- 2014/06/03 06:00 PHST- 2010/03/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/05/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2014/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/06/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/03/10 06:00 [medline] AID - S1050-4648(14)00173-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.024 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014 Aug;39(2):343-53. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.024. Epub 2014 Jun 2.