PMID- 24933227
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151022
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1872-7573 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-8741 (Linking)
VI  - 155
IP  - 2
DP  - 2014 Sep 11
TI  - The mechanism of hepatoprotective effect of sesquiterpene rich fraction from 
      Cichorum glandulosum Boiss. et Huet on immune reaction-induced liver injury in 
      mice.
PG  - 1068-75
LID - S0378-8741(14)00462-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.014 [doi]
AB  - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cichorum glandulosum Boiss. et Huet is a 
      traditional Uygur herbal medicine that has been used as a cholagogic and diuretic 
      agent to improve liver function. However, the mechanism is not known for the 
      liver-protective function. We investigated the antioxidant effects of plant 
      extraction (CGE60) in vitro and in vivo, and find the mechanism of liver 
      protection in Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG)+Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 
      induced liver injury in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CGE60 was made, and the 
      antioxidant activity was investigated by comparing the ability of scavenging 
      1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 
      2,2-azinobis(3-ehtylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfnicAcid) diammonium salt (ABTS) free 
      radicals in vitro. Then, CGE60 was administrated in mice of liver damage model 
      which was induced in mice using the BCG+LPS protocol. The CGE 60 extract was 
      tested at three dosages: 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg. Product of lipid 
      peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione 
      peroxidase (GSH-PX,), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthetase (NOS), 
      hydroxyproline and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) contents were evaluated in liver to 
      determine the CGE60 activity in the hepatic injury model. Tumor necrosis 
      factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-beta 
      (TGF-beta) proteins were determined in the liver tissues using ELSIA. The signaling 
      activities were evaluated in Western blot. RESULTS: CGE60 exhibited strong 
      antioxidant ability in vitro. With oral administration, CGE60 significantly 
      increased the activity of CAT, SOD, GSH-PX, and decreased the level of NO, NO 
      synthase, hydroxyproline, ALP and lipid peroxidation liver of in the BDG+ LPS 
      model. CGE60 attenuated hepatic inflammation via down- regulation of TNF-alpha, IL-6 
      and TGF-beta. CGE60 blocked protein expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), 
      nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB), phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated 
      kinase (p-ERK1/2), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),but activated the expression of 
      p-P38 MAPK. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that CGE60 possesses antioxidant 
      activity and this activity associates with hepatoprotective effect in the mice of 
      BCG +LPS model, and the mechanisms underlying these effects may involve 
      antioxidant actions and anti-inflammation activities.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
FAU - Xin, Xuelei
AU  - Xin X
AD  - State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource 
      Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese 
      Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant 
      Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, 
      Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
FAU - Yang, Weijun
AU  - Yang W
AD  - State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource 
      Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese 
      Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant 
      Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, 
      Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Xinjiang Institute of material 
      medic, Urumqi 830002, China.
FAU - Yasen, Mireguli
AU  - Yasen M
AD  - State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource 
      Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese 
      Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant 
      Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, 
      Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
FAU - Zhao, Haiqing
AU  - Zhao H
AD  - State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource 
      Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese 
      Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant 
      Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, 
      Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
FAU - Aisa, Haji akber
AU  - Aisa Ha
AD  - State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource 
      Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese 
      Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant 
      Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, 
      Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140613
PL  - Ireland
TA  - J Ethnopharmacol
JT  - Journal of ethnopharmacology
JID - 7903310
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Drugs, Chinese Herbal)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (Sesquiterpenes)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antioxidants/administration & dosage/isolation & purification/pharmacology
MH  - Asteraceae/*chemistry
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Female
MH  - Inflammation/drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Liver Diseases/immunology/*prevention & control
MH  - Male
MH  - Medicine, Chinese Traditional
MH  - Mice
MH  - Plant Extracts/administration & dosage/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Sesquiterpenes/administration & dosage/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Antiinflammation
OT  - Antioxidant
OT  - Cichorum glandulosum Boiss.et Huet
OT  - Hepatoprotective effect
OT  - Immune reaction-induced
OT  - liver injury
EDAT- 2014/06/17 06:00
MHDA- 2015/10/23 06:00
CRDT- 2014/06/17 06:00
PHST- 2014/03/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/05/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/06/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/06/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/06/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/10/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-8741(14)00462-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.014 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Sep 11;155(2):1068-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.014. 
      Epub 2014 Jun 13.