PMID- 24945619
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150413
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1520-5118 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-8561 (Linking)
VI  - 62
IP  - 29
DP  - 2014 Jul 23
TI  - Risk assessment of applicators to chlorpyrifos through dermal contact and 
      inhalation at different maize plant heights in China.
PG  - 7072-7
LID - 10.1021/jf501027s [doi]
AB  - Dermal and respiratory exposure assessments and risk assessment for applicators 
      were performed with 48% chlorpyrifos EC. The chlorpyrifos was applied with 
      lever-operated knapsacks under three spraying environments, namely, average maize 
      field heights of 62 cm (A1), 108 cm (A2), and 212 cm (A3). The whole body 
      dosimetry technique was applied to collect dermal exposure samples including 
      cotton protective garments, gloves, socks, and hats. A personal air monitor 
      equipped with an XAD-2 resin was used for respiratory exposure assessment. 
      Without personal protective equipment (PPE) the total potential dermal exposure 
      (PDE) was 27.8, 90.6, and 462.1 mL h(-1) under A1, A2, and A3 spraying 
      environments, respectively. In addition, with the change in the maize plant 
      height, the major exposure parts on the applicators were also different. Under 
      single-layer garment and glove protection circumstances, internal dermal exposure 
      (IDE) was 3.37 mL h(-1) for A1, 4.28 mL h(-1) for A2, and 18.32 mL h(-1) for A3. 
      Potential inhalation exposure (PIE) was detected in A3, but it was not detected 
      in A1 and A2. For risk assessment, the margin of safety (MOS) was calculated from 
      the PDE or IDE and PIE. The MOS values for the three spraying environments were 
      <1 under no PPE and single-layer garment and glove protection circumstances, 
      indicating high possibility of health risk. However, with double protective 
      garments, the MOS values for A1 and A2 cases were all >1, but the MOS was <1 in 
      the A3 case.
FAU - An, Xuehua
AU  - An X
AD  - State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease 
      Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of 
      Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang 
      Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
FAU - Ji, Xiaofeng
AU  - Ji X
FAU - Wu, Min
AU  - Wu M
FAU - Hu, Xiuqing
AU  - Hu X
FAU - Yu, Ruixian
AU  - Yu R
FAU - Zhao, Xueping
AU  - Zhao X
FAU - Cai, Leiming
AU  - Cai L
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140711
PL  - United States
TA  - J Agric Food Chem
JT  - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
JID - 0374755
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - China
MH  - Chlorpyrifos/*toxicity
MH  - *Crops, Agricultural
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inhalation Exposure
MH  - Insecticides/*toxicity
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Skin/*drug effects
MH  - *Zea mays
EDAT- 2014/06/20 06:00
MHDA- 2015/04/14 06:00
CRDT- 2014/06/20 06:00
PHST- 2014/06/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/06/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/04/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1021/jf501027s [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Jul 23;62(29):7072-7. doi: 10.1021/jf501027s. Epub 2014 
      Jul 11.