PMID- 24963607
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160317
LR  - 20150618
IS  - 2042-3306 (Electronic)
IS  - 0425-1644 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 4
DP  - 2015 Jul
TI  - Laminar inflammatory events in lean and obese ponies subjected to high 
      carbohydrate feeding: Implications for pasture-associated laminitis.
PG  - 489-93
LID - 10.1111/evj.12314 [doi]
AB  - REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Acute, massive enteral carbohydrate overload is 
      associated with laminar inflammation in equids; it is unclear if the same is true 
      for a more prolonged period of moderate dietary carbohydrate intake. OBJECTIVES: 
      To characterise laminar inflammation in ponies exposed to a dietary carbohydrate 
      challenge meant to mimic acute pasture exposure. STUDY DESIGN: In vivo 
      experiment. METHODS: Mixed-breed ponies (n = 22) received a diet of hay chop 
      (nonstructural carbohydrate [NSC]  approximately 7% on a dry matter [DM] basis) for 4 weeks 
      prior to initiation of the experimental feeding protocol. Following dietary 
      acclimation, ponies were stratified into either Lean (n = 11, body condition 
      score [BCS] </=4) or Obese (n = 11, BCS >/=7) groups and each group further 
      stratified to either remain on the control, low NSC diet (n = 5 each for Obese 
      and Lean) or receive a high NSC diet (hay chop supplemented with sweet feed and 
      oligofructose, total diet  approximately 42% NSC; n = 6 each for Obese and Lean) for a period 
      of 7 days. Laminar samples were collected following euthanasia and sections 
      stained immunohistochemically for CD163, MAC387/calprotectin and 
      cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) using commercially available antibodies. The number of 
      CD163 (+) and MAC387(+) cells was quantified for each section; the distribution 
      of COX-2 expression was qualitatively assessed. Laminar mRNA concentrations of 
      several proinflammatory molecules (interleukin-1beta [IL-1beta], IL-6, tumour necrosis 
      factor-alpha [TNFalpha], IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1], MCP-2), 
      inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 
      (ICAM-1), E-selectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and COX-2 were 
      evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS: 
      High carbohydrate feeding resulted in no increase in laminar proinflammatory 
      cytokine expression; laminar COX-2 expression was increased by high carbohydrate 
      feeding. No laminar leucocyte infiltration was observed in response to high 
      carbohydrate feeding. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the marked laminar 
      inflammation observed in models of sepsis-associated laminitis may not play a 
      central role in the pathophysiology of pasture-associated laminitis.
CI  - (c) 2014 EVJ Ltd.
FAU - Burns, T A
AU  - Burns TA
AD  - Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 
      USA.
FAU - Watts, M R
AU  - Watts MR
AD  - Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 
      USA.
FAU - Weber, P S
AU  - Weber PS
AD  - Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East 
      Lansing, USA.
FAU - McCutcheon, L J
AU  - McCutcheon LJ
AD  - Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State 
      University, East Lansing, USA.
FAU - Geor, R J
AU  - Geor RJ
AD  - Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East 
      Lansing, USA.
FAU - Belknap, J K
AU  - Belknap JK
AD  - Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 
      USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140910
PL  - United States
TA  - Equine Vet J
JT  - Equine veterinary journal
JID - 0173320
RN  - 0 (Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animal Feed/analysis
MH  - Animals
MH  - Carbohydrates/administration & dosage/*toxicity
MH  - Cytokines/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Foot Diseases/chemically induced/pathology/*veterinary
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
MH  - Horse Diseases/*pathology
MH  - Horses
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/chemically induced/pathology/*veterinary
MH  - Male
MH  - Obesity/complications/*veterinary
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Equine Metabolic Syndrome
OT  - cytokines
OT  - horse
OT  - immunohistochemistry
OT  - inflammation
OT  - laminitis
OT  - leucocytes
EDAT- 2014/06/26 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/18 06:00
CRDT- 2014/06/26 06:00
PHST- 2014/01/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/06/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/06/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/evj.12314 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Equine Vet J. 2015 Jul;47(4):489-93. doi: 10.1111/evj.12314. Epub 2014 Sep 10.