PMID- 24964967
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160816
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 1477-092X (Electronic)
IS  - 1078-1552 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 6
DP  - 2015 Dec
TI  - Targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway with everolimus: implications 
      for the management of metastatic breast cancer.
PG  - 433-42
LID - 10.1177/1078155214540732 [doi]
AB  - The inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) have documented antitumor 
      activity via disruption of various signaling pathways leading to impaired 
      cellular growth, proliferation, and survival. In preclinical studies, mTOR 
      inhibitors use in combination with hormonal therapy has shown promising results 
      in overcoming endocrine resistance in breast cancer cells. The role of everolimus 
      in breast cancer was established in the Breast Cancer Trial of Oral Everolimus-2 
      (BOLERO-2) trial in combination with exemestane for patients with advanced 
      metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, who relapsed after 
      initial hormonal manipulation. The study met its primary endpoint of significant 
      improvement in progression free survival (PFS) with a median time to progression 
      of 6.9 months in the combination group versus 2.8 months in exemestane group. 
      Favorable improvements in PFS were reported across all patient subgroups 
      regardless of age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, number 
      of prior therapies, and presence of visceral metastases. Adverse events were 
      mostly mild to moderate in severity and consistent with the known safety profile 
      of everolimus. Major toxicities reported include stomatitis, non-infectious 
      pneumonitis, and hyperglycemia. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role 
      of everolimus as a valuable component in advanced metastatic breast cancer and 
      delineate current strategies to prevent and manage the most common toxicities 
      associated with this combination regimen.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2014.
FAU - Ng, Vin Cci
AU  - Ng VC
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd Singapore, 169680 
      Singapore.
FAU - Johnson, Jeremy J
AU  - Johnson JJ
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd Singapore, 169680 
      Singapore Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
FAU - Cuellar, Sandra
AU  - Cuellar S
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd Singapore, 169680 
      Singapore Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA 
      scuell1@uic.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20140625
PL  - England
TA  - J Oncol Pharm Pract
JT  - Journal of oncology pharmacy practice : official publication of the International 
      Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners
JID - 9511372
RN  - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)
RN  - 9HW64Q8G6G (Everolimus)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.1 (MTOR protein, human)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
MH  - Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Everolimus/*therapeutic use
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppressive Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Neoplasm Metastasis/*drug therapy
MH  - Signal Transduction/drug effects
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/*drug effects/genetics
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor
OT  - everolimus
OT  - management of adverse events
OT  - metastatic breast cancer
OT  - supportive care
EDAT- 2014/06/27 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/17 06:00
CRDT- 2014/06/27 06:00
PHST- 2014/06/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/06/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - 1078155214540732 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1078155214540732 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2015 Dec;21(6):433-42. doi: 10.1177/1078155214540732. Epub 
      2014 Jun 25.