PMID- 24966411
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141215
LR  - 20230216
IS  - 1541-6100 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3166 (Linking)
VI  - 144
IP  - 9
DP  - 2014 Sep
TI  - Influence of phytase, EDTA, and polyphenols on zinc absorption in adults from 
      porridges fortified with zinc sulfate or zinc oxide.
PG  - 1467-73
LID - 10.3945/jn.113.185322 [doi]
AB  - Fortification of cereal staples with zinc is recommended to combat zinc 
      deficiency. To optimize zinc absorption, strategies are needed to overcome the 
      inhibitory effect of phytic acid (PA) and perhaps polyphenols. Five zinc 
      absorption studies were conducted in young adults consuming maize or sorghum 
      porridges fortified with 2 mg zinc as zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) or zinc oxide (ZnO) 
      and containing combinations of PA or polyphenols as potential inhibitors and EDTA 
      and phytase as potential enhancers. Fractional absorption of zinc (FAZ) was 
      measured by using the double isotopic tracer ratio method. Adding phytase to the 
      maize porridge immediately before consumption or using phytase for 
      dephytinization during meal preparation both increased FAZ by >80% (both P < 
      0.001). Adding Na2EDTA at an EDTA:zinc molar ratio of 1:1 increased FAZ from 
      maize porridge fortified with ZnSO4 by 30% (P = 0.01) but had no influence at 
      higher EDTA ratios or on absorption from ZnO. FAZ was slightly higher from ZnSO4 
      than from ZnO (P = 0.02). Sorghum polyphenols had no effect on FAZ from 
      dephytinized sorghum porridges but decreased FAZ by 20% from PA-rich sorghum 
      porridges (P < 0.02). The combined inhibitory effect of polyphenols and PA was 
      overcome by EDTA. In conclusion, ZnSO4 was better absorbed than ZnO, phytase used 
      to degrade PA during digestion or during food preparation substantially increased 
      zinc absorption from zinc-fortified cereals, EDTA at a 1:1 molar ratio modestly 
      enhanced zinc absorption from ZnSO4-fortified cereals but not ZnO-fortified 
      cereals, and sorghum polyphenols inhibited zinc absorption in the presence, but 
      not absence, of PA. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as 
      NCT01210794.
CI  - (c) 2014 American Society for Nutrition.
FAU - Brnic, Marica
AU  - Brnic M
AD  - Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH 
      Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and marica@sunrise.ch.
FAU - Wegmuller, Rita
AU  - Wegmuller R
AD  - Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH 
      Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and.
FAU - Zeder, Christophe
AU  - Zeder C
AD  - Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH 
      Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and.
FAU - Senti, Gabriela
AU  - Senti G
AD  - Clinical Trials Center, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Hurrell, Richard F
AU  - Hurrell RF
AD  - Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH 
      Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01210794
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140625
PL  - United States
TA  - J Nutr
JT  - The Journal of nutrition
JID - 0404243
RN  - 0 (Iron Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Iron, Dietary)
RN  - 0 (Polyphenols)
RN  - 7733-02-0 (Zinc Sulfate)
RN  - 7IGF0S7R8I (Phytic Acid)
RN  - 9G34HU7RV0 (Edetic Acid)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.26 (6-Phytase)
RN  - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
RN  - SOI2LOH54Z (Zinc Oxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - 6-Phytase/*pharmacology
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biological Availability
MH  - Edetic Acid/*pharmacology
MH  - Edible Grain/*chemistry
MH  - Female
MH  - *Food, Fortified
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intestinal Absorption
MH  - Iron/metabolism
MH  - Iron Compounds/metabolism
MH  - Iron, Dietary/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Phytic Acid/*pharmacology
MH  - Polyphenols/*pharmacology
MH  - Sorghum/chemistry
MH  - Young Adult
MH  - Zea mays/chemistry
MH  - Zinc/*metabolism
MH  - Zinc Oxide/metabolism
MH  - Zinc Sulfate/metabolism
EDAT- 2014/06/27 06:00
MHDA- 2014/12/17 06:00
CRDT- 2014/06/27 06:00
PHST- 2014/06/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/06/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/12/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-3166(22)00990-7 [pii]
AID - 10.3945/jn.113.185322 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Nutr. 2014 Sep;144(9):1467-73. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.185322. Epub 2014 Jun 25.