PMID- 24981044
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150401
LR  - 20191112
IS  - 1873-4251 (Electronic)
IS  - 1570-162X (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 3
DP  - 2014
TI  - Identification of essential cis element in 5'UTR of Nef mRNA for Nef translation.
PG  - 213-9
AB  - Nef is one of the accessory proteins of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 
      (HIV-1). Nef is translated from multiple-spliced mRNAs transcribed from the viral 
      genome, whose mRNAs have a relatively long 5' untranslated region (5'UTR). Here, 
      we identified a cis element in the 5'UTR of Nef mRNA essential for efficient Nef 
      translation, which was named the Nef-translation essential region (NER). Mutants 
      with a deleted NER in the 5'UTR of the HIV-1 NL4-3 strain showed an almost 
      undetectable Nef expression owing to a low Nef translation efficiency. The NER of 
      the NL4-3 strain was predicted to form putative stem loops. Although the 5'UTR 
      showed significant but relatively low internal ribosome entry site (IRES) 
      activity, the mechanism of 5'cap-dependent translation mainly contributed to the 
      Nef translation from its Nef mRNA. Altogether, it was clarified that not only the 
      5' cap but also the NER in the 5'UTR is an essential cis element for efficient 
      Nef translation, which is not a typical 5'-cap-dependent mechanism, and that 
      there must be an as yet unknown mechanism using the NER for efficient Nef 
      translation.
FAU - Yamamoto, Minami
AU  - Yamamoto M
FAU - Harada, Keisuke
AU  - Harada K
FAU - Shoji, Shozo
AU  - Shoji S
FAU - Misumi, Shogo
AU  - Misumi S
FAU - Takamune, Nobutoki
AU  - Takamune N
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto 
      University, 5-1 Oe- Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan. 
      tkmnnbtk@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Curr HIV Res
JT  - Current HIV research
JID - 101156990
RN  - 0 (5' Untranslated Regions)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
RN  - 0 (nef protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - *5' Untranslated Regions
MH  - DNA Mutational Analysis
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
MH  - HIV-1/genetics/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Protein Biosynthesis
MH  - RNA, Messenger/*genetics
MH  - nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/*biosynthesis/*genetics
EDAT- 2014/07/02 06:00
MHDA- 2015/04/02 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/02 06:00
PHST- 2013/12/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/06/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/07/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/04/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - CHRE-EPUB-61176 [pii]
AID - 10.2174/1570162x12666140701092331 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr HIV Res. 2014;12(3):213-9. doi: 10.2174/1570162x12666140701092331.