PMID- 24988491
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160607
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1556-9535 (Electronic)
IS  - 1556-9527 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015
TI  - Hexyl cinnamal: consideration of skin-sensitizing properties and suitability as a 
      positive control.
PG  - 227-31
LID - 10.3109/15569527.2014.933973 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hexyl cinnamal (HCA) is a widely used fragrance chemical, the low 
      skin-sensitizing potency of which has made it a common choice for the use as a 
      positive control for predictive toxicology assays. However, HCA is commonly 
      negative in current candidate in vitro alternatives test methods. OBJECTIVE: To 
      review the evidence that HCA is a classifiable skin sensitizer against the 
      standards set by the Globally Harmonized Scheme (GHS), and determine whether it 
      represents an appropriate choice for a positive control substance for predictive 
      testing. METHODS: Using the GHS criteria, mechanistic data, and in vitro, in vivo 
      and human evidence relating to HCA and skin sensitization have been reviewed. 
      RESULTS: The chemistry of HCA is consistent with potential for skin sensitization 
      and predictive in vivo test data support this conclusion. However, the human data 
      are relatively sparse, consistent with HCA possessing a low capacity to induce 
      skin sensitization under conditions of consumer exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Using GHS 
      criteria (and applying a precautionary approach) HCA would classify as a weaker 
      skin sensitizer than predicted by the local lymph node assay (LLNA). However, 
      given the human experience, it is necessary to consider whether HCA is the most 
      appropriate choice for use as a positive regulatory control.
FAU - Basketter, David
AU  - Basketter D
AD  - DABMEB Consultancy Ltd , Sharnbrook , UK .
FAU - White, Ian R
AU  - White IR
FAU - McFadden, John P
AU  - McFadden JP
FAU - Kimber, Ian
AU  - Kimber I
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20140702
PL  - England
TA  - Cutan Ocul Toxicol
JT  - Cutaneous and ocular toxicology
JID - 101266892
RN  - 101-86-0 (hexyl cinnamic aldehyde)
RN  - 7864XYD3JJ (Acrolein)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acrolein/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Guinea Pigs
MH  - Humans
MH  - Odorants
MH  - Skin/*drug effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Fragrance allergy
OT  - globally harmonized system
OT  - hexylcinnamal
OT  - in vivo sensitization
OT  - local lymph node assay
OT  - potency sub-categorization
OT  - skin sensitization
EDAT- 2014/07/06 06:00
MHDA- 2016/06/09 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/03 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/06/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3109/15569527.2014.933973 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2015;34(3):227-31. doi: 10.3109/15569527.2014.933973. Epub 
      2014 Jul 2.