PMID- 24990347
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141121
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1573-2959 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-6369 (Linking)
VI  - 186
IP  - 10
DP  - 2014 Oct
TI  - Pollution risk assessment based on QUAL2E-UNCAS simulations of a tropical river 
      in Northern India.
PG  - 6771-87
LID - 10.1007/s10661-014-3888-1 [doi]
AB  - This paper exemplifies the application of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 
      water quality model, QUAL2E-UNCAS in assessing the pollution risk of a tropical 
      river. The rivers selected for study were Hindon (main river) and Kali (its 
      tributary) flowing through Uttar Pradesh district of Northern India. The model 
      application to the two rivers revealed poor water quality in terms of dissolved 
      oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and ammonia concentrations. Monte 
      Carlo simulations were performed on two different data sets that were confirming 
      to marked seasonal variations. The Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) derived 95% 
      confidence level for these parameters strengthened the fact that all point 
      sources were exploiting the assimilative capacity of the two rivers. In order to 
      ascertain probabilistically the risk at which two rivers were falling short of 
      desired water quality, probability curves based on effluent standards and 
      available water quality were prepared. On mapping the two curves, it was found 
      that at 95% probability, Hindon River was flowing with 53 to 100% less of desired 
      DO, up to 100% more of minimum BOD, and probability with which ammonia 
      concentration would not be more than the desired concentration was found to fall 
      downstream. The Kali headwaters showed better quality during low river 
      temperature but worsened downstream with up to 100% violation in all the above 
      observed parameters. It is expected that similar studies wherein the dependable 
      levels with which a polluted river can be understood to fall short of desired 
      water quality can prove to be useful in ascertaining the efficacy of effluent 
      standards and/or follow-up of pollution control measures.
FAU - Babbar, Richa
AU  - Babbar R
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, Thapar University, Patiala, Panjab, India, 
      richa.babbar@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140703
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Monit Assess
JT  - Environmental monitoring and assessment
JID - 8508350
SB  - IM
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - India
MH  - *Models, Statistical
MH  - Risk Assessment/methods
MH  - Rivers/chemistry
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Water Pollution/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Water Quality
EDAT- 2014/07/06 06:00
MHDA- 2014/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/04 06:00
PHST- 2013/08/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/07/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s10661-014-3888-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Monit Assess. 2014 Oct;186(10):6771-87. doi: 10.1007/s10661-014-3888-1. 
      Epub 2014 Jul 3.