PMID- 25029003
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160115
LR  - 20220311
IS  - 1533-4287 (Electronic)
IS  - 1064-8011 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Feb
TI  - Quantification of training load, energy intake, and physiological adaptations 
      during a rugby preseason: a case study from an elite European rugby union squad.
PG  - 534-44
LID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000631 [doi]
AB  - Rugby Union (RU) is a high-speed collision sport consisting of an intermittent 
      activity profile. Given the extreme physical demands of the sport, significant 
      emphasis is placed on players possessing high lean body mass while minimizing 
      body fat. Anecdotally, the most significant changes in body composition are 
      observed during the preseason; however, there are no objective data on the 
      physiological demands and energy intake during this time. We therefore monitored 
      45 elite European RU players over the 10-week preseason period by assessing 
      training load using Global Positioning System and session rate of perceived 
      exertion (sRPE) while also assessing changes in anthropometry and physical 
      performance. For forwards and backs, respectively, mean weekly distance covered 
      was 9,774 m (1,404) and 11,585 m (1,810) with a total mean weekly sRPE of 3,398 
      (335) arbitrary units and 2,944 (410) arbitrary units. Mean daily energy intake 
      was 14.8 MJ (1.9) and 13.3 MJ (1.9), carbohydrate (CHO) intake was 3.3 (0.7) and 
      4.14 (0.4) g.kg body mass, protein intake was 2.52 (0.3) and 2.59 (0.6) g.kg body 
      mass, and fat intake was 1.0 (0.3) and 0.95 (0.3) g.kg body mass for forwards and 
      backs, respectively. Markers of physical performance (1 repetition maximum 
      strength, speed, and repeated sprint tests) and anthropometry (body fat and 
      estimated lean mass) improved in all players. Interestingly, all players 
      self-selected a "low" CHO "high" protein diet. Based on physiological 
      improvements the training load and energy intake seems appropriate, although 
      further research is required to evaluate if such energy intakes would also be 
      suitable for match day performance.
FAU - Bradley, Warren J
AU  - Bradley WJ
AD  - 1Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores 
      University, Liverpool, United Kingdom; 2Munster Rugby, Cork Institute of 
      Technology, Cork, Ireland; and 3Sport and Exercise Sciences, Glyndwr University, 
      Wrexham, United Kingdom.
FAU - Cavanagh, Bryce P
AU  - Cavanagh BP
FAU - Douglas, William
AU  - Douglas W
FAU - Donovan, Timothy F
AU  - Donovan TF
FAU - Morton, James P
AU  - Morton JP
FAU - Close, Graeme L
AU  - Close GL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Strength Cond Res
JT  - Journal of strength and conditioning research
JID - 9415084
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - Adult
MH  - Athletic Performance/*physiology
MH  - Body Fat Distribution
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage
MH  - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage
MH  - Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage
MH  - Energy Intake/*physiology
MH  - Europe
MH  - Football/physiology
MH  - Geographic Information Systems
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Physical Conditioning, Human
MH  - Physical Exertion/physiology
EDAT- 2014/07/17 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/16 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/17 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000631 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Feb;29(2):534-44. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000631.