PMID- 25030786
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150730
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 24
DP  - 2014 Dec
TI  - Risk for estrogen-dependent diseases in relation to phthalate exposure and 
      polymorphisms of CYP17A1 and estrogen receptor genes.
PG  - 13964-73
LID - 10.1007/s11356-014-3260-6 [doi]
AB  - Evidence has shown that polymorphisms of various genes known to be involved in 
      estrogen biosynthesis and function are associated with estrogen-dependent 
      diseases (EDDs). These genes include CYP17A1, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), and 2 
      (ESR2). Phthalates are considered estrogenic endocrine disruptors, and recent 
      research has suggested that they may act as a risk factor for EDDs. However, 
      extremely few studies have assessed the effects of gene-environment interaction 
      on these diseases. We recruited 44 patients with endometriosis or adenomyosis, 36 
      patients with leiomyoma, and 69 healthy controls from a medical center in Taiwan 
      between 2005 and 2007. Urine samples were collected and analyzed for seven 
      phthalate metabolites using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. 
      Peripheral lymphocytes were used for DNA extraction to determine the genotype of 
      CYP17A1, ESR1, and ESR2. Compared to controls, patients with leiomyoma had 
      significantly higher levels of total urinary mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (SigmaMEHP) 
      (52.1 vs. 29.6 mug/g creatinine, p = 0.040), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) (75.4 
      vs. 51.3 mug/g creatinine, p = 0.019), and monoethyl phthalate (MEP) (103.7 vs. 
      59.3 mug/g creatinine, p = 0.031). In contrast, patients with endometriosis or 
      adenomyosis showed a marginally increased level of urinary MEHP only. Subjects 
      who were homozygous for both the ESR1 C allele (rs2234693) and CYP17A1 C allele 
      (rs743572) showed a significantly increased risk for leiomyoma (OR = 19.8; 95 % 
      CI, 1.70; 231.5; p = 0.017) relative to subjects with other genotypes of ESR1 and 
      CYP17A1. These results were obtained after adjusting for age, cigarette smoking, 
      MEHP level, GSTM1 genotype and other covariates. Our results suggested that both 
      CYP17A1 and ESR1 polymorphisms may modulate the effects of phthalate exposure on 
      the development of leiomyoma.
FAU - Huang, Po-Chin
AU  - Huang PC
AD  - National Environmental Health Research Center (NEHRC), National Health Research 
      Institutes (NHRI), Miaoli, Taiwan.
FAU - Li, Wan-Fen
AU  - Li WF
FAU - Liao, Pao-Chi
AU  - Liao PC
FAU - Sun, Chien-Wen
AU  - Sun CW
FAU - Tsai, Eing-Mei
AU  - Tsai EM
FAU - Wang, Shu-Li
AU  - Wang SL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140718
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (ESR1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Estrogen Receptor alpha)
RN  - 0 (Estrogen Receptor beta)
RN  - 0 (Estrogens)
RN  - 0 (Phthalic Acids)
RN  - 6O7F7IX66E (phthalic acid)
RN  - EC 1.14.14.19 (CYP17A1 protein, human)
RN  - EC 1.14.14.19 (Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/toxicity
MH  - Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Estrogen Receptor beta/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Estrogens/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leiomyoma/chemically induced
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Phthalic Acids/*toxicity
MH  - *Polymorphism, Genetic
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Taiwan
EDAT- 2014/07/18 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/01 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/18 06:00
PHST- 2014/04/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/07/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-014-3260-6 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Dec;21(24):13964-73. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-014-3260-6. Epub 2014 Jul 18.