PMID- 25031396
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140905
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1529-2401 (Electronic)
IS  - 0270-6474 (Print)
IS  - 0270-6474 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 29
DP  - 2014 Jul 16
TI  - The ion transport peptide is a new functional clock neuropeptide in the fruit fly 
      Drosophila melanogaster.
PG  - 9522-36
LID - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0111-14.2014 [doi]
AB  - The clock network of Drosophila melanogaster expresses various neuropeptides, but 
      a function in clock-mediated behavioral control was so far only found for the 
      neuropeptide pigment dispersing factor (PDF). Here, we propose a role in the 
      control of behavioral rhythms for the ion transport peptide (ITP), which is 
      expressed in the fifth small ventral lateral neuron, one dorsal lateral neuron, 
      and in only a few nonclock cells in the brain. Immunocytochemical analyses 
      revealed that ITP, like PDF, is most probably released in a rhythmic manner at 
      projection terminals in the dorsal protocerebrum. This rhythm continues under 
      constant dark conditions, indicating that ITP release is clock controlled. ITP 
      expression is reduced in the hypomorph mutant Clk(AR), suggesting that ITP 
      expression is regulated by CLOCK. Using a genetically encoded RNAi construct, we 
      knocked down ITP in the two clock cells and found that these flies show reduced 
      evening activity and increased nocturnal activity. Overexpression of ITP with two 
      independent timeless-GAL4 lines completely disrupted behavioral rhythms, but only 
      slightly dampened PER cycling in important pacemaker neurons, suggesting a role 
      for ITP in clock output pathways rather than in the communication within the 
      clock network. Simultaneous knockdown (KD) of ITP and PDF made the flies 
      hyperactive and almost completely arrhythmic under constant conditions. Under 
      light-dark conditions, the double-KD combined the behavioral characteristics of 
      the single-KD flies. In addition, it reduced the flies' sleep. We conclude that 
      ITP and PDF are the clock's main output signals that cooperate in controlling the 
      flies' activity rhythms.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 the authors 0270-6474/14/349522-15$15.00/0.
FAU - Hermann-Luibl, Christiane
AU  - Hermann-Luibl C
AD  - Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of 
      Wurzburg, 97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
FAU - Yoshii, Taishi
AU  - Yoshii T
AD  - Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, University of Okayama, Okayama 
      700-8530, Japan, and.
FAU - Senthilan, Pingkalai R
AU  - Senthilan PR
AD  - Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of 
      Wurzburg, 97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
FAU - Dircksen, Heinrich
AU  - Dircksen H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7815-4868
AD  - Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
FAU - Helfrich-Forster, Charlotte
AU  - Helfrich-Forster C
AD  - Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of 
      Wurzburg, 97074 Wurzburg, Germany, 
      charlotte.foerster@biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Neurosci
JT  - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for 
      Neuroscience
JID - 8102140
RN  - 0 (Drosophila Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptides)
RN  - 0 (ion transport peptide, Drosophila)
RN  - 0 (pdf protein, Drosophila)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Genetically Modified
MH  - Biological Clocks/*genetics
MH  - Brain/cytology/*physiology
MH  - Circadian Rhythm/*genetics
MH  - Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Drosophila melanogaster
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/physiology
MH  - Locomotion/genetics
MH  - Motor Activity/genetics
MH  - Neurons/metabolism
MH  - Neuropeptides/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Periodicity
MH  - RNA Interference/physiology
MH  - Sleep/genetics
PMC - PMC6608324
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Drosophila melanogaster
OT  - ITP
OT  - PDF
OT  - circadian rhythms
OT  - locomotor activity
OT  - neuropeptides
EDAT- 2014/07/18 06:00
MHDA- 2014/09/06 06:00
PMCR- 2015/01/16
CRDT- 2014/07/18 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/09/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/01/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 34/29/9522 [pii]
AID - 0111-14 [pii]
AID - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0111-14.2014 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurosci. 2014 Jul 16;34(29):9522-36. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0111-14.2014.