PMID- 25036631
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141021
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1097-4172 (Electronic)
IS  - 0092-8674 (Print)
IS  - 0092-8674 (Linking)
VI  - 158
IP  - 2
DP  - 2014 Jul 17
TI  - Mechanism of transcriptional bursting in bacteria.
PG  - 314-326
LID - S0092-8674(14)00739-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.038 [doi]
AB  - Transcription of highly expressed genes has been shown to occur in stochastic 
      bursts. But the origin of such ubiquitous phenomenon has not been understood. 
      Here, we present the mechanism in bacteria. We developed a high-throughput, in 
      vitro, single-molecule assay to follow transcription on individual DNA templates 
      in real time. We showed that positive supercoiling buildup on a DNA segment by 
      transcription slows down transcription elongation and eventually stops 
      transcription initiation. Transcription can be resumed upon gyrase binding to the 
      DNA segment. Furthermore, using single-cell mRNA counting fluorescence in situ 
      hybridization (FISH), we found that duty cycles of transcriptional bursting 
      depend on the intracellular gyrase concentration. Together, these findings prove 
      that transcriptional bursting of highly expressed genes in bacteria is primarily 
      caused by reversible gyrase dissociation from and rebinding to a DNA segment, 
      changing the supercoiling level of the segment.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chong, Shasha
AU  - Chong S
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 
      02138, USA.
FAU - Chen, Chongyi
AU  - Chen C
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 
      02138, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 
      Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
FAU - Ge, Hao
AU  - Ge H
AD  - Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing 100871, 
      China; Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research (BICMR), Peking 
      University, Beijing 100871, China.
FAU - Xie, X Sunney
AU  - Xie XS
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 
      02138, USA; Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, 
      Beijing 100871, China. Electronic address: xie@chemistry.harvard.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - DP1 OD000277/OD/NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 GM096450/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 5R01GM096450-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 1DP1OD000277/OD/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Cell
JT  - Cell
JID - 0413066
RN  - 0 (DNA, Superhelical)
RN  - EC 5.99.1.3 (DNA Gyrase)
SB  - IM
CIN - Cell. 2014 Jul 17;158(2):241-2. PMID: 25036624
CIN - Nat Rev Genet. 2014 Sep;15(9):574. PMID: 25091870
MH  - DNA Gyrase/metabolism
MH  - DNA, Superhelical/genetics
MH  - Escherichia coli/*genetics
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Models, Genetic
MH  - Promoter Regions, Genetic
MH  - Transcription Elongation, Genetic
MH  - Transcription Initiation, Genetic
MH  - *Transcription, Genetic
PMC - PMC4105854
MID - NIHMS599475
EDAT- 2014/07/19 06:00
MHDA- 2014/10/22 06:00
PMCR- 2015/07/17
CRDT- 2014/07/19 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/03/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/05/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/07/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/10/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/07/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0092-8674(14)00739-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.038 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cell. 2014 Jul 17;158(2):314-326. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.038.