PMID- 25037058
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150707
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1753-9455 (Electronic)
IS  - 1753-9447 (Print)
IS  - 1753-9447 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 6
DP  - 2014 Dec
TI  - Adiponectin expression and the cardioprotective role of the vitamin D receptor 
      activator paricalcitol and the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril 
      in ApoE-deficient mice.
PG  - 224-36
LID - 10.1177/1753944714542593 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the number one cause of death in the 
      US. The adipokine adiponectin has been studied intensively for presenting and 
      inversed association with almost every stage of CHD. For instance, the evaluation 
      of molecules capable of enhancing endogenous adiponectin expression is well 
      justified. In this study, we investigated the effect of the vitamin D receptor 
      activator (VDRA) paricalcitol and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor 
      (ACEI) enalapril on adiponectin expression, lipid profiles, adenosine 
      monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression, monocyte 
      chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
      (TNFalpha),cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 
      antioxidant capacity, CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), Mn-SOD, NADPH p22phox 
      subunits, inducible nitric oxidesynthase (iNOS), endothelial marker eNOS, and 81 
      atherosclerosis-related genes in ApoE-deficient mice. METHOD: Seven-week-old 
      ApoE-deficient mice were treated for 16 weeks as follows: Group 1, ApoE vehicle 
      control (intraperitoneal [i.p.] 100 microl propylene glycol); Group 2, 
      ApoE-paricalcitol (200 ng i.p., 3/week); Group 3, ApoE-Enalapril (30 mg/kg 
      daily); Group 4, ApoE-paricalcitol + enalapril (described dosing); and Group 5, 
      wild-type control (C57BLV). RESULTS: All treated groups presented significant 
      changes in circulating and cardiac adiponectin, cardiac cholesterol levels, AMPK, 
      MCP-1, TNF-alpha, COX-2, iNOS, eNOS, CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD and p22phox. There were 15 
      genes that differed in their expression, 5 of which are involved in 
      cardioprotection and antithrombotic mechanisms: Bcl2a1a, Col3a1, Spp1 
      (upregulated), Itga2, and Vwf (downregulated). CONCLUSION: Together, our data 
      presented a novel role for VDRA and ACEI in reducing factors associated with CHD 
      that may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic venues.
CI  - (c) The Author(s), 2014.
FAU - Suarez-Martinez, Edu
AU  - Suarez-Martinez E
AD  - Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico in Ponce, PO Box 7186, Ponce, PR 
      00732, USA esuarez@psm.edu.
FAU - Husain, Kazim
AU  - Husain K
AD  - Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Ponce School of Medicine 
      and Health Sciences, PO Box 7004, Ponce, PR 00732, USA.
FAU - Ferder, Leon
AU  - Ferder L
AD  - Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Ponce School of Medicine 
      and Health Sciences, PO Box 7004, Ponce, PR 00732, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - G12 RR003050/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - G12RR003050/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140718
PL  - England
TA  - Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis
JT  - Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease
JID - 101316343
RN  - 0 (Adiponectin)
RN  - 0 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Apolipoproteins E)
RN  - 0 (Ergocalciferols)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Calcitriol)
RN  - 63231-63-0 (RNA)
RN  - 6702D36OG5 (paricalcitol)
RN  - 69PN84IO1A (Enalapril)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adiponectin/biosynthesis/*genetics
MH  - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Coronary Artery Disease/genetics/metabolism/*prevention & control
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Drug Therapy, Combination
MH  - Enalapril/*pharmacology
MH  - Ergocalciferols/*pharmacology
MH  - Female
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - RNA/*genetics
MH  - Receptors, Calcitriol/*drug effects/metabolism
PMC - PMC4389636
MID - NIHMS671778
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adiponectin
OT  - Enalapril
OT  - Inflammatory markers
OT  - Oxidative Stress
OT  - Paricalcitol
OT  - VDRA
OT  - cardio-protection
COIS- Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest in 
      preparing this article.
EDAT- 2014/07/20 06:00
MHDA- 2015/07/08 06:00
PMCR- 2015/04/08
CRDT- 2014/07/20 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/07/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/04/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1753944714542593 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1753944714542593 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Dec;8(6):224-36. doi: 10.1177/1753944714542593. 
      Epub 2014 Jul 18.