PMID- 25052046
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160125
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1552-4981 (Electronic)
IS  - 1552-4973 (Linking)
VI  - 103
IP  - 4
DP  - 2015 May
TI  - Preparation, mechanical, and in vitro properties of glass fiber-reinforced 
      polycarbonate composites for orthodontic application.
PG  - 743-50
LID - 10.1002/jbm.b.33245 [doi]
AB  - Generally, orthodontic treatment uses metallic wires made from stainless steel, 
      cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy, beta-titanium alloy, and nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) 
      alloy. However, these wires are not esthetically pleasing and may induce allergic 
      or toxic reactions. To correct these issues, in the present study we developed 
      glass-fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) orthodontic wires made from polycarbonate 
      and E-glass fiber by using pultrusion. After fabricating these GFRP round wires 
      with a diameter of 0.45 mm (0.018 inch), we examined their mechanical and in 
      vitro properties. To investigate how the glass-fiber diameter affected their 
      physical properties, we prepared GFRP wires of varying diameters (7 and 13 microm). 
      Both the GFRP with 13-microm fibers (GFRP-13) and GFRP with 7 microm fibers (GFRP-7) were 
      more transparent than the metallic orthodontic wires. Flexural strengths of 
      GFRP-13 and GFRP-7 were 690.3 +/- 99.2 and 938.1 +/- 95.0 MPa, respectively; flexural 
      moduli of GFRP-13 and GFRP-7 were 25.4 +/- 4.9 and 34.7 +/- 7.7 GPa, respectively. 
      These flexural properties of the GFRP wires were nearly equivalent to those of 
      available Ni-Ti wires. GFRP-7 had better flexural properties than GFRP-13, 
      indicating that the flexural properties of GFRP increase with decreasing fiber 
      diameter. Using thermocycling, we found no significant change in the flexural 
      properties of the GFRPs after 600 or 1,200 cycles. Using a cytotoxicity detection 
      kit, we found that the glass fiber and polycarbonate components comprising the 
      GFRP were not cytotoxic within the limitations of this study. We expect this 
      metal-free GFRP wire composed of polycarbonate and glass fiber to be useful as an 
      esthetically pleasing alternative to current metallic orthodontic wire.
CI  - (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Tanimoto, Yasuhiro
AU  - Tanimoto Y
AD  - Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at 
      Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan.
FAU - Inami, Toshihiro
AU  - Inami T
FAU - Yamaguchi, Masaru
AU  - Yamaguchi M
FAU - Nishiyama, Norihiro
AU  - Nishiyama N
FAU - Kasai, Kazutaka
AU  - Kasai K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140723
PL  - United States
TA  - J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater
JT  - Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials
JID - 101234238
RN  - 0 (Polycarboxylate Cement)
RN  - 0 (fiberglass)
RN  - 25766-59-0 (polycarbonate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Fibroblasts/cytology/*metabolism
MH  - Glass/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Materials Testing
MH  - *Orthodontic Wires
MH  - Polycarboxylate Cement/*chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - biomechanics
OT  - fiber-reinforced composite
OT  - in vitro
OT  - mechanical properties
OT  - orthodontic
EDAT- 2014/07/24 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/26 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/24 06:00
PHST- 2014/02/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/07/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/07/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/jbm.b.33245 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2015 May;103(4):743-50. doi: 
      10.1002/jbm.b.33245. Epub 2014 Jul 23.