PMID- 25064439 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150615 LR - 20170924 IS - 1873-4243 (Electronic) IS - 1093-3263 (Linking) VI - 53 DP - 2014 Sep TI - Reaction analysis and visualization of ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations. PG - 13-22 LID - S1093-3263(14)00110-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.07.002 [doi] AB - ReaxFF MD (Reactive Force Field Molecular Dynamics) is a promising method for investigating complex chemical reactions in relatively larger scale molecular systems. The existing analysis tools for ReaxFF MD lack the capability of capturing chemical reactions directly by analyzing the simulation trajectory, which is critical in exploring reaction mechanisms. This paper presents the algorithms, implementation strategies, features, and applications of VARxMD, a tool for Visualization and Analysis of Reactive Molecular Dynamics. VARxMD is dedicated to detailed chemical reaction analysis and visualization from the trajectories obtained in ReaxFF MD simulations. The interrelationships among the atoms, bonds, fragments, species and reactions are analyzed directly from the three-dimensional (3D) coordinates and bond orders of the atoms in a trajectory, which are accomplished by determination of atomic connectivity for recognizing connected molecular fragments, perception of bond types in the connected fragments for molecules or radicals, indexing of all these molecules or radicals (chemical species) based on their 3D coordinates and recognition of bond breaking or forming in the chemical species for reactions. Consequently, detailed chemical reactions taking place between two sampled frames can be generated automatically. VARxMD is the first tool specialized for reaction analysis and visualization in ReaxFF MD simulations. Applications of VARxMD in ReaxFF MD simulations of coal and HDPE (high-density polyethylene) pyrolysis show that VARxMD provides the capabilities in exploring the reaction mechanism in large systems with complex chemical reactions involved that are difficult to access manually. CI - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Liu, Jian AU - Liu J AD - State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China. FAU - Li, Xiaoxia AU - Li X AD - State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China. Electronic address: xxia@ipe.ac.cn. FAU - Guo, Li AU - Guo L AD - State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China. Electronic address: lguo@ipe.ac.cn. FAU - Zheng, Mo AU - Zheng M AD - State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China. FAU - Han, Junyi AU - Han J AD - State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China. FAU - Yuan, Xiaolong AU - Yuan X AD - State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China. FAU - Nie, Fengguang AU - Nie F AD - State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China. FAU - Liu, Xiaolong AU - Liu X AD - State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20140711 PL - United States TA - J Mol Graph Model JT - Journal of molecular graphics & modelling JID - 9716237 SB - IM MH - Algorithms MH - Computer Graphics MH - Models, Chemical MH - *Molecular Dynamics Simulation MH - Quantum Theory MH - *User-Computer Interface OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chemical reaction analysis and visualization OT - Chemical reaction mechanisms OT - Chemical reaction parsing OT - Chemical structure processing OT - Cheminformatics OT - Large scale simulation OT - Reaction pathway analysis OT - ReaxFF molecular dynamics OT - VARxMD EDAT- 2014/07/30 06:00 MHDA- 2015/06/16 06:00 CRDT- 2014/07/28 06:00 PHST- 2014/03/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2014/07/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/07/28 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/07/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/06/16 06:00 [medline] AID - S1093-3263(14)00110-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.07.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Mol Graph Model. 2014 Sep;53:13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.07.002. Epub 2014 Jul 11.