PMID- 25073431
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150831
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1879-1379 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3956 (Linking)
VI  - 57
DP  - 2014 Oct
TI  - Electroconvulsive therapy and aerobic exercise training increased BDNF and 
      ameliorated depressive symptoms in patients suffering from treatment-resistant 
      major depressive disorder.
PG  - 117-24
LID - S0022-3956(14)00186-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.06.018 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: To treat patients suffering from treatment-resistant major depressive 
      disorder (TR-MDD), research has focused on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and 
      aerobic exercise training (AET). Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) seems 
      to be key in MDD. The aims of the present study were therefore two-fold, to 
      investigate in a three-arm interventional study the differential effects of ECT, 
      ECT plus AET, and AET alone in patients suffering from TR-MDD on 1. depressive 
      symptoms and 2. BDNF METHODS: 60 patients with TR-MDD (mean age: 31 years; 31.6% 
      female patients) were randomly assigned either to the ECT, ECT + AET, or AET 
      condition. The AET condition consisted of treadmill exercise for 30 min, three 
      times a week. Both depression severity and BDNF levels were assessed at baseline 
      and 4 weeks later. All patients were further treated with an SSRI standard 
      medication. RESULTS: BDNF levels increased over time in all three study 
      conditions. After completion of the intervention program, the ECT group showed 
      significantly higher BDNF levels compared to the ECT + AET and the AET 
      conditions. Depressive symptoms decreased in all three conditions over time. The 
      combination of ECT + AET led to a significantly greater decrease than in either 
      the ECT or AET alone conditions. BDNF levels were not associated with symptoms of 
      depression. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of results suggests that ECT, AET and 
      particularly their combination are promising directions for treatment patients 
      suffering from TR-MDD, and that it remains unclear to what extent BDNF is key and 
      a reliable biomarker for TR-MDD.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Salehi, Iraj
AU  - Salehi I
AD  - Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substances Abuse, Hamadan University 
      of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
FAU - Hosseini, Seyed Mohammad
AU  - Hosseini SM
AD  - Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substances Abuse, Hamadan University 
      of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
FAU - Haghighi, Mohammad
AU  - Haghighi M
AD  - Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substances Abuse, Hamadan University 
      of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
FAU - Jahangard, Leila
AU  - Jahangard L
AD  - Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substances Abuse, Hamadan University 
      of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
FAU - Bajoghli, Hafez
AU  - Bajoghli H
AD  - Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center (PPRC), Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran 
      University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; ASEAN Institute for Health 
      Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, 
      Thailand.
FAU - Gerber, Markus
AU  - Gerber M
AD  - Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science, University 
      of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Puhse, Uwe
AU  - Puhse U
AD  - Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science, University 
      of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Kirov, Roumen
AU  - Kirov R
AD  - Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
FAU - Holsboer-Trachsler, Edith
AU  - Holsboer-Trachsler E
AD  - Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Center for Affective, Stress and 
      Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Brand, Serge
AU  - Brand S
AD  - Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science, University 
      of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, 
      Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Basel, Switzerland. 
      Electronic address: serge.brand@upkbs.ch.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20140705
PL  - England
TA  - J Psychiatr Res
JT  - Journal of psychiatric research
JID - 0376331
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*blood
MH  - Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology/*therapy
MH  - Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant/psychology/*therapy
MH  - *Electroconvulsive Therapy/methods/psychology
MH  - *Exercise/psychology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Treatment Outcome
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aerobic exercise training
OT  - BDNF
OT  - Electroconvulsive therapy
OT  - Treatment-resistant major depressive disorder
EDAT- 2014/07/31 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/01 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/31 06:00
PHST- 2014/03/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/06/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/07/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-3956(14)00186-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.06.018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Psychiatr Res. 2014 Oct;57:117-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.06.018. Epub 
      2014 Jul 5.