PMID- 25074831
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150612
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 1
DP  - 2015 Jan
TI  - Determination of pesticide residues in fish tissues by modified QuEChERS method 
      and dual-d-SPE clean-up coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PG  - 369-78
LID - 10.1007/s11356-014-3361-2 [doi]
AB  - The aim of this research was to modify the Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged 
      and Safe (QuEChERS) method for the determination of organochlorine and 
      organophosphate pesticides in fatty animal matrices such as fish muscle tissues 
      of carp and sturgeon collected from Carp Valley, Lesser Poland. Pesticides 
      extraction effectiveness was evaluated at 0.030 mg kg(-1) spiking level and 
      efficiency of the dispersive-solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) clean-up step was 
      evaluated by comparison testing two different d-SPE clean-up stages, first the 
      addition of the d-SPE sorbent combination (PSA + SAX + NH2), and secondly the 
      addition of C18 after extracts enrichment with the d-SPE sorbent combination 
      (PSA + SAX + NH2), introducing a novel concept of clean-up named dual-d-SPE 
      clean-up. Analysis of pesticide residues was performed by Gas Chromatography 
      Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (GC/Q-MS) working in selected-ion monitoring (SIM) 
      mode. Linear relation was observed from 0 to 200 ng mL(-1) and determination 
      coefficient R(2) > 0.997 in all instances for all target analytes. Better 
      recoveries and cleanliness of extracts in both samples, carp and sturgeon 
      tissues, were obtained after C18 addition during the dual-d-SPE clean-up step. 
      Recoveries were in the range 70-120%, with relative standard deviation lower than 
      10% at 0.030 mg kg(-1) spiking level for most pesticides. LODs ranged 0.001-0.003 
      mg kg(-1), while LOQs ranged 0.004-0.009 mg kg(-1). The proposed method was 
      successfully applied analyzing pesticide residues in real carp and sturgeon 
      muscle samples; detectable pesticide residues were observed, but in all of the 
      cases contamination level was lower than the default maximum residue levels 
      (MRLs) set by the European Union (EU), Regulation (EC) N 396/2005.
FAU - Molina-Ruiz, Juan Manuel
AU  - Molina-Ruiz JM
AD  - Malopolska Centre of Food Monitoring, Faculty of Food Technology, University of 
      Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka St, 30-149, Krakow, Poland, 
      juanma_molina07@hotmail.com.
FAU - Cieslik, Ewa
AU  - Cieslik E
FAU - Cieslik, Iwona
AU  - Cieslik I
FAU - Walkowska, Izabela
AU  - Walkowska I
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140731
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Carps/metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Insecticides/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Poland
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis/metabolism
EDAT- 2014/07/31 06:00
MHDA- 2015/06/13 06:00
CRDT- 2014/07/31 06:00
PHST- 2014/03/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/07/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/07/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/07/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/06/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-014-3361-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Jan;22(1):369-78. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-014-3361-2. Epub 2014 Jul 31.