PMID- 25079089
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150102
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1573-2959 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-6369 (Linking)
VI  - 186
IP  - 11
DP  - 2014 Nov
TI  - PBDE, HBCD, and novel brominated flame retardant contamination in sediments from 
      Lake Maggiore (Northern Italy).
PG  - 7683-92
LID - 10.1007/s10661-014-3959-3 [doi]
AB  - The reduction in the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 
      hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) has opened the way for the introduction of novel 
      brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) in place of the banned formulations. 
      Important representatives of this group are decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), 
      1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), hexabromobenzene (HBB), and 
      pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB). In this study, the contamination due to NBRFs was 
      investigated for the first time in Italy in the sediments of Lake Maggiore. The 
      aim of the research was to characterize in detail the possible presence of 
      temporal trends and/or to identify potential sources of contamination. The study 
      also considered the PBDE and HBCD lake sediment's current contamination. The 
      analytical results showed that sediments in Lake Maggiore and its tributary 
      rivers had weak concentrations of PBEB, HBB, and BTBPE, but they did not have a 
      negligible/insignificant contamination of HBCD (up to 23.7 ng/g dry weight 
      (d.w.)). The determination of PBDEs in sediments showed that BDE-209 was the 
      predominant congener (up to 217 and 28 ng/g d.w. in river and lake sediments, 
      respectively). DBDPE was detected in the sediments with relevant concentrations 
      (up to 280 ng/g d.w in the River Boesio sediments). The positive correlation of 
      DBDPE with BDE-209 confirmed the wide and important use of this compound in the 
      Lake Maggiore basin and the hypothesis that this compound will soon become one of 
      the most important NBFRs used in Northern Italy. The contamination of Lake 
      Maggiore sediments due to PBDEs, HBCD, and NBFRs were comparable to other 
      worldwide situations.
FAU - Poma, Giulia
AU  - Poma G
AD  - CNR-IRSA, via del Mulino 19, 20861, Brugherio (MB), Italy, poma@irsa.cnr.it.
FAU - Roscioli, Claudio
AU  - Roscioli C
FAU - Guzzella, Licia
AU  - Guzzella L
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140731
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Monit Assess
JT  - Environmental monitoring and assessment
JID - 8508350
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Brominated)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 5I9835JO3M (hexabromocyclododecane)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Flame Retardants/*analysis
MH  - Geologic Sediments/*chemistry
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*analysis
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Brominated/*analysis
MH  - Italy
MH  - Lakes/chemistry
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
EDAT- 2014/08/01 06:00
MHDA- 2015/01/03 06:00
CRDT- 2014/08/01 06:00
PHST- 2013/12/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/07/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/08/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/08/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s10661-014-3959-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Monit Assess. 2014 Nov;186(11):7683-92. doi: 10.1007/s10661-014-3959-3. 
      Epub 2014 Jul 31.