PMID- 25081040
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160818
LR  - 20230411
IS  - 1464-3502 (Electronic)
IS  - 0735-0414 (Print)
IS  - 0735-0414 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 6
DP  - 2014 Nov
TI  - Prenatal Ethanol Exposure Up-Regulates the Cholesterol Transporters ATP-Binding 
      Cassette A1 and G1 and Reduces Cholesterol Levels in the Developing Rat Brain.
PG  - 626-34
LID - 10.1093/alcalc/agu049 [doi]
AB  - AIMS: Cholesterol plays a pivotal role in many aspects of brain development; 
      reduced cholesterol levels during brain development, as a consequence of genetic 
      defects in cholesterol biosynthesis, leads to severe brain damage, including 
      microcephaly and mental retardation, both of which are also hallmarks of the 
      fetal alcohol syndrome. We had previously shown that ethanol up-regulates the 
      levels of two cholesterol transporters, ABCA1 (ATP binding cassette-A1) and 
      ABCG1, leading to increased cholesterol efflux and decreased cholesterol content 
      in astrocytes in vitro. In the present study we investigated whether similar 
      effects could be seen in vivo. METHODS: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 
      liquid diets containing 36% of the calories from ethanol from gestational day 
      (GD) 6 to GD 21. A pair-fed control groups and an ad libitum control group were 
      included in the study. ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expression and cholesterol and 
      phospholipid levels were measured in the neocortex of female and male fetuses at 
      GD 21. RESULTS: Body weights were decreased in female fetuses as a consequence of 
      ethanol treatments. ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein levels were increased, and 
      cholesterol levels were decreased, in the neocortex of ethanol-exposed female, 
      but not male, fetuses. Levels of phospholipids were unchanged. Control female 
      fetuses fed ad libitum displayed an up-regulation of ABCA1 and a decrease in 
      cholesterol content compared with pair-fed controls, suggesting that a 
      compensatory up-regulation of cholesterol levels may occur during food 
      restriction. CONCLUSION: Maternal ethanol consumption may affect fetal brain 
      development by increasing cholesterol transporters' expression and reducing brain 
      cholesterol levels.
CI  - (c) The Author 2014. Medical Council on Alcohol and Oxford University Press. All 
      rights reserved.
FAU - Zhou, Chunyan
AU  - Zhou C
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Chen, Jing
AU  - Chen J
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Zhang, Xiaolu
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 
      Chicago, IL, USA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
FAU - Costa, Lucio G
AU  - Costa LG
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, 
      Parma, Italy.
FAU - Guizzetti, Marina
AU  - Guizzetti M
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, 
      University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Jesse Brown VA Medical 
      Center, Chicago, IL, USA mguizzetti@psych.uic.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AA017180/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 AA021876/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AA017180/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AA021876/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20140731
PL  - England
TA  - Alcohol Alcohol
JT  - Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)
JID - 8310684
RN  - 0 (ABCA1 protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1)
RN  - 0 (ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1)
RN  - 0 (ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters)
RN  - 0 (Abcg1 protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (Phospholipids)
RN  - 3K9958V90M (Ethanol)
RN  - 97C5T2UQ7J (Cholesterol)
SB  - IM
MH  - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/analysis/*metabolism
MH  - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1
MH  - ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/analysis/*metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Brain/drug effects/embryology
MH  - Brain Chemistry/*drug effects
MH  - Cholesterol/*analysis
MH  - Ethanol/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Male
MH  - Phospholipids/analysis
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PMC - PMC4834908
EDAT- 2014/08/02 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/19 06:00
PMCR- 2015/11/01
CRDT- 2014/08/02 06:00
PHST- 2013/10/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/08/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/08/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - agu049 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/alcalc/agu049 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Alcohol Alcohol. 2014 Nov;49(6):626-34. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agu049. Epub 2014 Jul 
      31.