PMID- 25089201
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140804
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2052-1847 (Print)
IS  - 2052-1847 (Electronic)
IS  - 2052-1847 (Linking)
VI  - 6
DP  - 2014
TI  - Protein supplements consumption: a comparative study between the city centre and 
      the suburbs of Palermo, Italy.
PG  - 29
LID - 10.1186/2052-1847-6-29 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Protein supplements are extensively used among commercial gym users 
      and athletes. Although demographic information amongst such consumption has been 
      poorly investigated. The aim of this study is to compare protein supplement 
      consumption in commercial gym users, both from the city centre and the suburbs of 
      Palermo, Italy. METHODS: A face-to-face questionnaire has been administered to 
      561 subjects. 207 from the city centre (CC) and 354 from the suburbs (SB) of 
      Palermo, Italy. Protein supplement consumption, frequency of use and association 
      with other dietary supplements has been investigated. Subsequently frequency 
      distribution has been used for demographic assessment. RESULTS: 30% of commercial 
      gym users from the CC and 28.8% from the SB use protein supplements. The majority 
      of these subjects are men (69.5% from the CC and 93.1 from the SB). Frequency of 
      use differs from the two areas showing a mode of 7 days per week consumption for 
      the CC while a mode of 5 days per week consumption is showed for the SB. 
      Interestingly, the association between protein supplements and other dietary 
      supplements also differs between CC and SB. A combined use between proteins, 
      amino acids and creatine is showed in the CC whilst proteins and amino acids or 
      creatine are used alone in the SB. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable number of 
      commercial gym users take protein supplements alone or combined (mainly creatine 
      and amino-acids). Demographic differences are shown between frequency of use and 
      combined use of other dietary supplements. We emphasize on the importance of the 
      dissemination of scientifically based information about supplementation in this 
      environment.
FAU - Bianco, Antonino
AU  - Bianco A
AD  - Sport and Exercises Research Unit, University of Palermo, Via Eleonora Duse, 
      2-90146 Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Mammina, Caterina
AU  - Mammina C
AD  - "G. D'Alessandro" Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child 
      Care, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 127, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Thomas, Ewan
AU  - Thomas E
AD  - Sport and Exercises Research Unit, University of Palermo, Via Eleonora Duse, 
      2-90146 Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Ciulla, Francesco
AU  - Ciulla F
AD  - Sport and Exercises Research Unit, University of Palermo, Via Eleonora Duse, 
      2-90146 Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Pupella, Umberto
AU  - Pupella U
AD  - Sport and Exercises Research Unit, University of Palermo, Via Eleonora Duse, 
      2-90146 Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Gagliardo, Francesco
AU  - Gagliardo F
AD  - Sport and Exercises Research Unit, University of Palermo, Via Eleonora Duse, 
      2-90146 Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Bellafiore, Marianna
AU  - Bellafiore M
AD  - Sport and Exercises Research Unit, University of Palermo, Via Eleonora Duse, 
      2-90146 Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Battaglia, Giuseppe
AU  - Battaglia G
AD  - Sport and Exercises Research Unit, University of Palermo, Via Eleonora Duse, 
      2-90146 Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Paoli, Antonio
AU  - Paoli A
AD  - Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, Via Manzolo, 3, 35131 
      Padova, Italy.
FAU - Palma, Antonio
AU  - Palma A
AD  - Sport and Exercises Research Unit, University of Palermo, Via Eleonora Duse, 
      2-90146 Palermo, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140712
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil
JT  - BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation
JID - 101605016
PMC - PMC4118305
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Demographic assessment
OT  - Dietary supplements
OT  - Protein consumption
EDAT- 2014/08/05 06:00
MHDA- 2014/08/05 06:01
PMCR- 2014/07/12
CRDT- 2014/08/05 06:00
PHST- 2014/02/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/07/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/08/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/08/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/08/05 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2014/07/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 2052-1847-6-29 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/2052-1847-6-29 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2014 Jul 12;6:29. doi: 10.1186/2052-1847-6-29. 
      eCollection 2014.